1. Unit 11 Vocabulary

2. Space Race
Space race began when Soviets launched Sputnik, the world’s first artificial satellite, in 1957
USSR and U.S. compete in “New Frontier” (space); Soviets put first man in space. U.S. puts first man on the moon.
Many Americans panicked, but President Eisenhower remained publicly calm
NASA was created

3. Cold War
Competition and conflict that developed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after World War II
Domestic Impact: Fear of communism, rise of Joseph McCarthy, Anti-War Movement
International Impact: Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War

4. Marshall Plan
The U.S. provided economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after World War II

5. Truman Doctrine
U.S. will provide economic and military aid to countries threatened by communism
Examples: Greece and Turkey

6. Containment Policy Stopping the spread of communism to other countries
As a result, U.S. tries to stop communist revolution in China and gets involved in Korean War

7. Communism in China
U.S. gives support to the Nationalists to fight communism in China
1949 Mao Zedong leads communist takeover, people support him because of corruption in Nationalist government

8. Korean War
After WWII, Korea was divided and Soviets backed North Korea and U.S. backed South Korea.
North Korea crosses 38th parallel and invades South Korea. UN forces push them back to 38th parallel.
Impact: war is stalemate, but increased fear of communist gains in U.S.

9. Joseph McCarthy
A senator who made the claim that Communists were taking over the government.
These unsupported attacks on suspected Communists became known as McCarthyism.

10. Cuban Revolution
A revolution led by Fidel Castro overthrows the government on Cuba
Castro sets up a communist government in Cuba with the help of the Soviet Union

11. Bay of Pigs
An invasion of Cuba authorized by president Kennedy to overthrow Fidel Castro
The invasion force was made up of Cuban exiles and was defeated by Castro
Embarrassing for the U.S.

12. Cuban Missile Crisis
A confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over the building of Soviet missile launchers in Cuba.
The U.S. Navy blockaded Cuba
Eventually the Soviet Union agreed to remove the missiles, and President Kennedy agreed not to invade.

13. Vietnam War
U.S. enters the war to push a communist group supported by North Vietnam, called the Vietcong, out of South Vietnam
U.S. troops fought in Vietnam from 1965 to 1975
The war became very controversial and divided public opinion

14. Tet Offensive Vietcong attack on cities in South Vietnam
The U.S. eventually stop the attack, and the Vietcong are not successful
However, parts of the attack were televised and showed that the war would not be easily won
This turned many Americans against the war in Vietnam

15. Anti-War Movement
The growing opposition to the war began with young people on college campuses and was led by groups like the SDS
New Left: growing liberal youth movement that wanted to change American society (Hippies)
They opposed the war because they were morally opposed to the war and because they thought the U.S. shouldn’t be there