SamoaFiber Bio Fuel Concepts March 2007

Introduction Technology exists and is producing low cost alternative fuels from biomass. Technology exists and is producing low cost alternative fuels from biomass. To create a larger scale success, a low cost rapidly growing raw material is needed to supply this existing technology. To create a larger scale success, a low cost rapidly growing raw material is needed to supply this existing technology. SamoaFiber is the catalyst necessary to transform technical successes into large scale supplies of bio-oil for energy and other uses. SamoaFiber is the catalyst necessary to transform technical successes into large scale supplies of bio-oil for energy and other uses. The combination of SamoaFiber and Fast Pyrolysis produces a bio-oil that can either be used directly as a primary fuel or co-fired alongside coal, natural gas or oil in a power boiler. The combination of SamoaFiber and Fast Pyrolysis produces a bio-oil that can either be used directly as a primary fuel or co-fired alongside coal, natural gas or oil in a power boiler.

Introduction Continued $50 million is being sought to ramp-up the production of renewable SamoaFiber BioFuels (SFB). $50 million is being sought to ramp-up the production of renewable SamoaFiber BioFuels (SFB). SFB combines the use of a ligno cellulosic crop with fast pyrolysis processing to create the lowest cost, highest energy yield per hectare cellulosic crude available. SFB combines the use of a ligno cellulosic crop with fast pyrolysis processing to create the lowest cost, highest energy yield per hectare cellulosic crude available. This cellulosic crude can be delivered to the rapidly growing energy, gasification, ethanol and chemical markets anywhere in the world. This cellulosic crude can be delivered to the rapidly growing energy, gasification, ethanol and chemical markets anywhere in the world. Follow on rounds will be used for the installation of additional processing plants and plantations on a global basis to support the growing demand for alternative fuels. Follow on rounds will be used for the installation of additional processing plants and plantations on a global basis to support the growing demand for alternative fuels.

SamoaFiber Features SamoaFiber (SF ) ( Gynerium Sagitattum ), a member of the grass family grows in the wild in Peru and can be grown on plantations. SamoaFiber (SF ) ( Gynerium Sagitattum ), a member of the grass family grows in the wild in Peru and can be grown on plantations. SF has the same energy characteristics as wood but SF produces 4 times more per hectare than does the fastest growing wood. SF has the same energy characteristics as wood but SF produces 4 times more per hectare than does the fastest growing wood. SF can produce 5,000 dry metric tons per year per square kilometer, which is up to 12 times more than other energy crops or agricultural waste material. SF can produce 5,000 dry metric tons per year per square kilometer, which is up to 12 times more than other energy crops or agricultural waste material. SF can be harvested year-round eliminating storage issues as is the case with agricultural crops. SF can be harvested year-round eliminating storage issues as is the case with agricultural crops. SF does not require subsidies to be competitive with any other biofuel offerings. SF does not require subsidies to be competitive with any other biofuel offerings.

SamoaFiber vs. Other Energy crops

Pucallpa/Iquitos Peru – Manaus Brazil Pucallpa, Peru. Iquitos, Peru

Upper Amazon Basin

Wild Growth in Peru Harvesting Wild SamoaFiber

58,000 ha Operating Area

Meeting with President Garcia

Letter from Minister of Agriculture

Fast Pyrolysis Background Fast Pyrolysis (FP) is uniquely suited to process very fast growing SF into a low cost cellulosic crude oil to supply the gasification market. Fast Pyrolysis (FP) is uniquely suited to process very fast growing SF into a low cost cellulosic crude oil to supply the gasification market. FP breaks down cellulose into useful carbon containing compounds in a very cost effective manner. FP breaks down cellulose into useful carbon containing compounds in a very cost effective manner. FP is a proven process that will extract a bio-oil from SF that has the same energy content as low grade coal. FP is a proven process that will extract a bio-oil from SF that has the same energy content as low grade coal. Bio-oil has approximately the same consistency as crude oil and is easily transported via tank truck or large tanker ships. Bio-oil has approximately the same consistency as crude oil and is easily transported via tank truck or large tanker ships. FP units are relatively inexpensive and can be installed adjacent to SF plantations. FP units are relatively inexpensive and can be installed adjacent to SF plantations.

SF Fast Pyrolysis and Markets Process heat Process heat Liquid (Cellulosic Slurry Cellulosic Slurry Gas Charcoal Pyrolysis heat Gasification & Ethanol Industries Chemicals Transport fuels Power Fast Pyrolysis Using SF Charcoal Sales

Technical Data

Air Emissions Characteristics SOX Negligible SOX Negligible NOX 30% of fossil fuel NOX 30% of fossil fuel Heavy Metals Negligible Heavy Metals Negligible

Bio Oil Market Dynamics Mandated usage for Power generation: Mandated usage for Power generation: EU- 12% by 2010 EU- 12% by 2010 US- varies by state…5-10% by 2015 US- varies by state…5-10% by 2015 Mandated usage for Transportation fuels: Mandated usage for Transportation fuels: EU- 2% by 2005, 5.75% by 2010 ( total market 950 billion gallons, 3,600 billion liters) EU- 2% by 2005, 5.75% by 2010 ( total market 950 billion gallons, 3,600 billion liters) US- 7.5 billion gallons by 2012, 30% of the market by US- 7.5 billion gallons by 2012, 30% of the market by 2030.

Market Penetration Strategy Phase 1- Completed-Proof of Concept. Phase 1- Completed-Proof of Concept. Phase 2- Market Bio-Oil to Power Plants, Gasifiers, and Ethanol Producers. Phase 2- Market Bio-Oil to Power Plants, Gasifiers, and Ethanol Producers. Phase 3- Produce fuels in biorefineries adjacent to SamoaFiber plantations between latitude 35 degrees North and 35 degrees South. Phase 3- Produce fuels in biorefineries adjacent to SamoaFiber plantations between latitude 35 degrees North and 35 degrees South. In Phase 3 SamoaFiber will be one of the world’s lowest cost producers of biofuels. In Phase 3 SamoaFiber will be one of the world’s lowest cost producers of biofuels.

Sources & Uses Sources & Uses to Produce 200,000 TPY Bio-Oil Financing$50,000,000 Fast Pyrolysis Plant$41,500,000 Plantation Development 4,600,000 Working Capital 3,900,000 Total Uses$50,000,000

SamoaFiber Has Superior Economics to Tar Sands 1 Unit of 200,000 metric tons per year bio-oil 1 Unit of 200,000 metric tons per year bio-oil SF BOE 1 621,484 SF BOE 1 621,484 Plantation Cost $ 3,110,000 Plantation Cost $ 3,110,000 FP Costs $ 1,839,125 FP Costs $ 1,839,125 Production Cost $ 4,949,125 per BOE $7.96 Production Cost $ 4,949,125 per BOE $7.96 Plus SG&A 2 $ 4,269,250 per BOE $6.87 Plus SG&A 2 $ 4,269,250 per BOE $6.87 Total Cash Cost/BOE $14.83 Total Cash Cost/BOE $14.83 Alberta Tar Sands 3 $35.00 Alberta Tar Sands 3 $ barrel of crude oil energy equivalent 2-includes sales commission 3-Wikipedia

Bio-Oil Has Superior Economics to Other Renewable Oils Used Today Price/ FuelTonneBOE Palm Oil $506$74.42 Soybean Oil $613$90.54 SamoaFiber Oil $180$57.93 Source: World Bank, Company analyses

Investment Considerations LOI executed for output from 1 st unit. LOI executed for output from 1 st unit. Using the Fast Pyrolysis system to produce bio-oil from SamoaFiber will result in a low cost renewable fuel. Using the Fast Pyrolysis system to produce bio-oil from SamoaFiber will result in a low cost renewable fuel. SF bio-oil from a fast growing plant, using low cost land and labor makes the fuel very cost effective versus other renewable oils and most fossil fuels. SF bio-oil from a fast growing plant, using low cost land and labor makes the fuel very cost effective versus other renewable oils and most fossil fuels. SF and FP solves the current problems associated with biomass fuels in terms of energy yield, consistent supply and transportation. SF and FP solves the current problems associated with biomass fuels in terms of energy yield, consistent supply and transportation. SamoaFiber bio-oil meets renewable fuel mandates. SamoaFiber bio-oil meets renewable fuel mandates. SamoaFiber bio-oil has further downstream applications as a raw material for chemicals and transportation fuels. SamoaFiber bio-oil has further downstream applications as a raw material for chemicals and transportation fuels.

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Fast Pyrolysis Schematic Fast Pyrolysis Condenser Samoa Fiber Gas to process Air Heat Exchanger Cooling Tower Oil to Market