ABC Book By: Kristi Colding The Civil War SS5H1 The student will explain the causes, major events, and consequences of the Civil War. ABC Book By: Kristi Colding

From 1861 to 1865, the American union was broken as the northern states fought the southern states in a Civil War that remains a defining moment in our nation's history. Its causes and consequences, including the continuing struggle for civil rights for all Americans, carry on to this day. From the battlefields to the home front, the cost of the war was outrageously high.

African Americans African Americans were used for hard labor. This act of controlling African Americans for labor was called slavery. Since slavery was banned in the north and was needed for the agricultural economy in the south, conflicts resulted between the two groups.

Battles are what the Civil War consisted mostly of Battles are what the Civil War consisted mostly of. Some were small with few casualties while some were huge and killed hundreds. Some of these battles include: The Battle of Gettysburg, The Seven Days Battle, The Battle of Chickamauga, The Battle of Shiloh, and The Battle of Fort Sumter. Battles

Confederates Confederates were another name for the southern region in the war. They supported slavery because it was needed for their agriculture based economy. They needed slaves to work the fields for cotton, tobacco, rice, and other agricultural products.

Draft Riots Draft riots occurred first in the civil war. The south was the first to begin drafting citizens closely followed by the north. Once drafted, they could choose to pay a fine to be exempt, replace themselves with someone else, or go into the war. Since most people didn't have the money to be exempt, they used their slaves to replace them. This caused draft riots.

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln during the civil war. This freed 3.1 million of the nation's 4 million slaves. 50,000 of them were freed on the spot while the rest of them were also free; they had to serve in the union militia.

FORT SUMTER This major battle signifies the beginning of the Civil War. Fort Sumter is the famous grounds of the Battle of Fort Sumter occurring on April 12th and 13th of 1861. First, it was controlled by the union until they surrendered it to the confederates while they were under fire.

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Gettysburg, Pennsylvania was the famous location where the turning point of the war occurred. This battle occurred between July 1st through July 3rd in 1863.The confederate troops suffered a great loss during this battle that cost them the war.

Hardtack Hardtack was a simple biscuit or cracker used as food during the Civil War. It was a popular choice because it was inexpensive and long-lasting. Hardtack consisted of mostly flour, water, and sometimes salt.

Illness Illness was a major problem during the civil war. There were more deaths from spread infections and diseases than from the actual war. These diseases were usually treated with either laxative for fever and amputation for infection or gunshot wounds.

Jefferson Davis Jefferson Davis was the elected president of the confederate states during the civil war. He believed that all states had a right to secede from the Union, making him the perfect leader of the confederates.

Kansas Nebraska Act Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 gave each individual state the right to vote to either allow slavery or abolish it. This act was meant to ease tension between the north and south but instead, it was a leading cause for the civil war.

Laxatives Laxatives were a commonly used medication during the civil war. Since there was little medical knowledge during this time, laxatives were used to treat most fevers.

Malaria Malaria was one of the killing diseases of the civil war. It is carried by mosquitoes and injected when bitten by a mosquito. Symptoms include: fever, headache, and in more severe cases a coma or death.

Northern States Northern states opposed the southern states in the war. They believed that slavery was wrong and should be abolished from the nation. Also, since their economy was based more on industry than agriculture, they didn't need slaves as much as the south did.

Oak Grove Oak Grove was another important battle of the civil war. This battle took place on June 25, 1862 and ended with about 1000 casualties from both the Union and the Confederates. It was considered to be the first of the seven days battles.

Presidential Election of 1864 Presidential Election of 1864 occurred during the Civil War. It was Lincoln's re-election as president and his opposing candidate was his former civil war general, George B. McClellan. Since the confederates had seceded from the union prior to this election, only the northern states could vote in it.

Quantrill’s Raiders Quantrill's Raiders were a loosely organized group that fought in the civil war. They fought under the leadership of William Clarke Quantrill for the Confederates.

Rifles Rifles were the most commonly used weapon for both the Union and the Confederates. They had a basic design and were usually loaded with a small lead ball and black powder. These rifles were not very powerful and only killed when shot in vital areas of the body.

Starvation Starvation was a major problem for both the northern and the Southern states. Food was scarce and when it was available it was eaten quickly. The lack of food weakened the soldiers body's making them more prone to illnesses and diseases.

Tobacco Tobacco was very popular among soldiers during the civil war. At night after their day of fighting their enemy, they would relax and use tobacco products. After the war, soldiers found that they could not stop using them. Tobacco became popular nationwide because of the civil war.

Union Union was another name for the northern states in the Civil War. They were against slavery thinking that it was abusive to the right of human beings. They fought the pro-slavery confederates who believed that slavery was a necessary and appropriate part of life.

Vicksburg, Mississippi Vicksburg, Mississippi was another important battle in the Civil War. This battle occurred from May 18th to July 4th in 1863. It was the final major military action in the Vicksburg campaign.

Weaponry Weaponry was used to cause the opponent to surrender due to loss of troops. These weapons included knives, swords, and firearms. All wars including the civil war are based upon weaponry and which side of the war has the upper hand.

X-slaves X-slaves were what slaves became after the civil war. The Union believed that slavery should be abolished from the United States and since they won the war, they abolished slavery .

Yankee Yankee was one of the nicknames given to the Union. These nicknames were issued by the union's opponent, The Confederates. Another nickname for the Union was Yanks or Blue Bellies.

Zouave A zouave regiment was characterized by its soldiers' bright, colorful uniforms which usually included baggy trousers, a vest, and a fez in different combinations of red, white, and blue. American zouave units were found in both Union and Confederate armies.