The FRAME Routine Key Topic is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Main idea

the study of matter and energy. The FRAME Routine Key Topic is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Main idea Physical Science the study of matter and energy. Studying Physical Science Importance of Physical Science Specialization Physical science is the study of matter and energy Specialization is working in one area of a subject Discoveries of physical scientists are important in everyday life Physical science has two main branches Specialized fields of physical science include biochemistry, thermodynamics, optics, and nuclear physics Physical scientists have researched nuclear energy to reduce world’s energy problems Chemistry is the study of the structure and makeup of matter and changes matter undergoes Physical scientists are researching other alternative sources of energy Physics deals with energy and matter and how they interact Discovery of new materials has resulted in development of plastics, ceramics, and other products Studying matter and how it reacts with other substances has created new materials for everyday life.

the characteristics used to describe an object. The FRAME Routine Key Topic is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Main idea Properties of Matter the characteristics used to describe an object. Properties of Matter Physical Sciences Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Properties are characteristics used to describe an object Chemistry is study of structure and makeup of matter and changes matter undergoes Mass is amount of matter a sample contains Chemists study how different kinds of matter change and combine Properties include color, shape, hardness, mass, volume, weight, and density Volume is amount of space sample takes up Weight is measure of pull of gravity on sample of matter Physics is the study of ways that different forms of energy and matter interact Density tells how much matter is in a unit volume Physicists study the different forms of energy Physical scientists study the properties of matter and energy.

distinguishing between physical and chemical changes. The FRAME Routine Key Topic is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Main idea Changes in Matter distinguishing between physical and chemical changes. Physical Properties Physical Changes Chemical Changes Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing makeup of substance Physical changes involves physical properties of material Chemical change results in new kind of matter being formed Physical change does not produce new substances E.g., burning wood, rusting of iron, digesting food States of matter are physical properties Physical properties include shape, size, color, and texture E.g., sawing of wood, cutting apple in half Changes in matter can be either physical or chemical.

ways in which matter can change from one state to another. The FRAME Routine Key Topic is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Main idea State Changes ways in which matter can change from one state to another. Evaporation & Condensation State Changes Freezing & Melting Sublimation A change in matter from one state to another Freezing is change from liquid to solid Evaporation is change from liquid to gas at surface of liquid Sublimation is change of a solid directly to a gas without passing through liquid state At freezing point, liquid loses enough heat to change to solid Particles at surface gain enough heat to change to gas state Sublimation point is temperature at which solid changes to gas Four main kinds of change of state During change of state, there is change in heat energy Melting is change from solid to liquid Condensation is change from gas to liquid Substance gains or loses heat during state change At melting point, solid gains enough heat to change to liquid Particles in gas lose heat energy and change into liquid When matter changes from one state to another, a substance gains or loses heat energy.

the four physical forms, or states, of matter. The FRAME Routine Key Topic is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Main idea States of Matter the four physical forms, or states, of matter. Solid Liquid Gas Plasma State of matter with definite shape and volume State of matter with definite volume but no definite shape State of matter with no definite shape or volume State of matter made of electrically charged particles Particles are in constant motion Particles are tightly packed Particles can change position Rare on earth Particles can only vibrate in place Particles take shape of container Particles take shape of container Found where temperatures and pressures are high-stars Cannot change position easily Particles move to all parts of container Scientists have created plasmas in laboratory All matter can exists in one of four states: solid, liquid, gas, or plasma.