America: The Beginning UNIT 1. Why? Economics -materials and markets -land -GOLD!!!!!! -joint stock companies Renaissance -sailing technology Religious.

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Presentation transcript:

America: The Beginning UNIT 1

Why? Economics -materials and markets -land -GOLD!!!!!! -joint stock companies Renaissance -sailing technology Religious freedom -Inquisitions -Reformation

Early attempts ROANOKE -Sir Walter Raleigh -”CROATOAN”??? -lost colony

SUCCESS???? JAMESTOWN -Chesapeake Bay, Virginia -Virginia Company (joint stock) -problems -location - “gentlemen” -GOLD!!!!! -disease -starvation

SUCCESS!!!! Success -Captain John Smith -”no work, no food” -relations with Powhattans -John Rolfe -tobacco (Brown gold) -Headright system -pay for a passage and get 50 acres

-HOUSE OF BURGESES ***first representative government*** Nathaniel Bacon -indian attacks -no government protection -BACON’S REBELLION ***first time the colonists show discontent with British rule***

13 Colonies

NEW ENGLAND COLONIES Massachusetts -Plymouth -Pilgrims (Separatists) -Mayflower -Mayflower Compact ***America’s first self government*** - “Thanksgiving”

-Massachusetts Bay -Puritans - “purify the Church of England” - “God’s elect” (predestination) -strict adherence to church -John Winthrop - “city on a hill”

CHALLENGES TO THE PURITANS (INSIDE) -Roger Williams -settlers had no right to Indian land -free to worship as they please -Providence, Rhode Island **first break from the Puritans** -Anne Hutchinson - you do not need church or ministers -interpret the Bible for yourself -challenged Predestination

-Salem Witch Trials -people start to doubt Puritans -Great Awakening -Puritan church loses control -Jonathan Edwards - “attendance won’t save you” -John Wesley -take the gospel to the poor -George Whitefield

CHALLENGES TO PURITANS (OUTSIDE) -Pequots -Connecticut -upset with colonial “land ownership” -Mystic River Massacre -Wampanoag - Matacom ”King Phillip” -hated Puritan restrictions - “King Phillip’s War” ***ended Native American resistance in New England***

MIDDLE COLONIES Pennsylvania - William Penn -Quakers - “Holy Experiment” -God’s “inner light” is in all - services held without ministers -no rank -paid Indians for their land

SOUTHERN COLONIES Virginia -Jamestown - plantation culture - “plantation aristocracy” -indentured servitude -slaves (1619)

Triangle Trade

Maryland - Lord Baltimore - Catholic refuge -Toleration Act **first law granting religious freedom** North and South Carolina - “lord proprietors” -plantation aristocracy - “back water” “back woods” farmers

Georgia -debtors’ prison - “Buffer Zone” -no slavery -no rum

War!!!!! Seven Years War (Europe) England v France French and Indian War (America) -Ohio River Valley -Fort Duquesne v Fort Necessity -Algonquin (French allies) -Iroquois (British Allies)

-Colonists fight for England -Albany Plan of Union (Ben Franklin) ***first time a united 13 Colonies is suggested*** EFFECTS: -English win -get all land east of the Mississippi

-Native Americas not pleased -English rule harshly -Pontiac’s Rebellion - “smallpox blankets” -Proclamation of colonists can not settle Appalachian Mountains -UPSET!!!!!