The Thirteen English Colonies U.S. History, Chapter 4
Puritans Arrive in Massachusetts Puritans wanted to build a society based on Biblical teachings Massachusetts set up the 1st tax-supported public schools in North America
Problems in Massachusetts Roger Williams disagreed with Massachusetts leaders. He and his followers founded Rhode Island to provide greater religious freedom.
War with Native Americans As more English colonists arrived in New England, they began building towns on Native American lands. Metacom (King Phillip) joined with other tribes to fight the settlers
Life in New England Puritan town meetings encouraged the growth of democratic ideas Colonists discussed important community issues at town meetings
Rivalry between Countries England took over New Netherland, which became New York. Governor Stuyvesant was unpopular; he surrendered New Netherland when colonists refused to help him fight.
New Jersey Separates from New York New Jersey was made up of lands that the Duke of York gave to friends.
Proprietary vs. Royal A proprietary colony is given by a king to one or more people in return for a yearly payment. A royal colony is under the direct control of the king.
Founding of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania was founded by Quakers as a model of religious freedom and peace. King Charles II granted the land to William Penn.
Life in the Middle Colonies Cash crops led these colonies to become known as the “Breadbasket Colonies.” Since homes were far apart, counties rather than towns became the centers of government
Southern Colonies The Calvert family founded the colony of Maryland to allow Catholics to practice their religion freely Catholics settled in Maryland to escape persecution in England
Southern Colonies During colonial times, farming was the primary economic activity.
Southern Colonies Southern lands were highly fertile due to being surrounded by rivers. Colonists were self-sufficient in the South because they grew their own food.
Growth of Slavery Carolina planters needed large number of workers to grow rice. They were unable to grow rich crops at first due to the lack of available labor.
Growth of Slavery The number of slaves dramatically increased as the Southern Colonies relied upon their labor in the 1700s. Slave codes were laws that treated enslaved Africans as property.
Servants vs. Slaves Indentured servants received “freedom” dues for their work Slaves were treated as property
Roots of Self-Government England passed the Navigation Acts to tighten its control over colonial trade Export: goods shipped to another country Import: goods brought into a country
Colonial Government A legislature is a group of people who have the power to make their own laws.
Colonial Society Wealthy families in New England sent their children to private school. Women’s liberties were limited. A married woman needed her husband’s approval to sign a contract.
Colonial Society Africans enjoyed the least freedom in the English colonies.
The Great Awakening This religious movement helped spread democratic feelings in the colonies. Benjamin Franklin was a model of the Enlightenment spirit because he used reason to improve the world around him.
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