Unit 5 Vocabulary 11/13/12 S: Which energy transformation produces electricity with the LEAST negative environmental impact: coal, solar, oil.

P: Vocabulary Notes Energy Resources – anything that can be used as a source of energy to do work.

Energy Conservation – management of energy use through insulation, increasing energy frequency, and changes in patterns of use.

Did you know there are at least 12 energy sources? Natural Gas Petroleum Propane Hydroelectric Hydrogen Biomass Ethanol Solar Did you know there are at least 12 energy sources? Geothermal Coal Nuclear Wind

Each energy source is either renewable or nonrenewable! SOURCES OF THE WORLD!

Renewable Energy Sources Renewable resources can be replenished. Energy sources like hydroelectric power, solar energy, and wind power. ENERGY SOURCES OF THE WORLD!

Nonrenewable Energy Sources Nonrenewable resources take millions of years to form and cannot be regenerated in a short period of time. ENERGY SOURCES OF THE WORLD!

PETROLEUM PETROLEUM is formed from animals and plants that lived millions of years ago when heat and pressure turned decayed matter into crude oil. nonrenewable

PROPANE PROPANE is produced as a byproduct from natural gas processing and crude oil refining. It burns hotter and more evenly than other fuels. nonrenewable

NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS consists primarily of methane but includes significant quantities of ethane, butane, propane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, and hydrogen sulfide. nonrenewable

COAL COAL is formed from trees and plants in vast primeval forests, when heat and pressure turned decayed matter into coal. Coal is a part of the fossil fuels family. nonrenewable

NUCLEAR ENERGY NUCLEAR ENERGY is generated in reactors, when nuclear fuel fission heats water, and the steam turns turbines to run the generators that convert energy into electricity. nonrenewable

SOLAR ENERGY SOLAR ENERGY is generated when photovoltaic (PV) cells convert heat from the sun directly into electricity. renewable

HYDROELECTRIC HYDROELECTRIC POWER is generated when flowing water turns turbines to run generators that convert energy into electricity. renewable

WIND POWER WIND POWER is generated when wind turns turbines to run the generators that convert energy into electricity, which is then stored in batteries. renewable

BIOMASS BIOMASS is produced from vegetable oils, animal fats, recycled restaurant greases, and other byproducts of plant, agricultural, and forestry processing or industrial and human waste products. renewable

ETHANOL ETHANOL is a subset of biomass that is manufactured from alcohols, ethers, esters, and other chemicals extracted from plant and tree residue. It can be made from corn, sugar, wheat, and barley.

HYDROGEN HYDROGEN fuel is a byproduct of chemically-mixing hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, water, and heat. It’s stored in a “cell” or battery. renewable

GEOTHERMAL GEOTHERMAL ENERGY is generated by heat in the earth’s core. It is found underground by drilling steam wells (like oil drilling).. renewable nonrenewable

COAL A: Word Wall Home Energy Survey Using your notes create a Word Wall Word. It needs to include a picture and the word big enough to see across the room. COAL Home Energy Survey

C: Write three sentences describing the energy resources that impact you most in your life.

E: What is the likely reason electricity use is so great in the summer?

Edusmart: Energy Resources 11/14/12 The use of which of the following resources would be MOST affected by changes in weather: wind, geothermal, natural gas, nuclear?

P: Watch Edusmart Take notes to use on quiz

A: Complete the Edusmart interactivity.

C: Quiz Answer the following questions. What are the two groups of energy resources? Name two nonrenewable energy resources? Name two renewable energy resources? What is a disadvantage of burning fossil fuel? Where can you get energy at no coat and last forever?

E: JMS is trying to save money by managing its energy resources. What are THREE things your school could do to manage its energy resources?

Energy Resource Debate 11/15/12 Describe three ways in which you could reduce the energy usage in your home. Use your home energy survey!

Easy ways to conserve energy Buy local food to reduce food transportation over long distances Set your refrigerator temperature to 37°F and your freezer close to 3°F Turn down your water heater thermostat to 120°F Keep your car tires properly inflated. Clean your sidewalks with a broom instead of a water hose

Fossil Fuels – Nature’s Battery Today’s Energy 83 % = fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) 17 % = nuclear and all other sources By 2035 81 % = fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) 19 %= nuclear and all other sources Groups of scientists are working on alternative energy sources to oil and gas. But, we have enough fossil fuel resources for the next 50 years and more to fuel the world. There will be research successes in improved green technology that move us toward other sources, like nuclear energy did a couple of decades ago. Source: US Energy Information Administration 30

Demand for electricity worldwide 1970 Although oil and gas will probably constitute a large portion of the global energy picture in the next 30 years, any solution must also include alternative energy technologies. . Photo from space - glow from electric lights at night. Image Credit: NASA

Demand for electricity worldwide 2005 Research at companies, universities and national laboratories are pioneering this field with the hope of creating technologies that are both sustainable and economically competitive with today’s fossil fuels. While wind, solar and biofuels appear to be among the most promising, significant breakthroughs are still required to make them viable sources of future energy supply. The wind has its own mind – it blows where and when it wants. Similarly, the sun only shines during the day and is most intense in sparsely populated areas. How do effectively we transport this energy from such remote areas to big cities? How can we efficiently store energy generated during the day for use in homes at night? The challenge for pioneers in alternative energies will be to bridge these supply limitations with a 24-hour demand for electricity throughout the world. This means making our electricity grid more efficient and streamlined while developing storage systems to allow wind and solar energy to be saved for times of peak use. Another source of alternative energy in the future may come from the world’s vast reserves of clean natural gas. Currently, much of our electricity comes from burning coal in power plants, releasing large quantities of carbon dioxide and other gases. Despite advancements in “clean coal” technology, which generates cleaner and more efficient electricity, alternatives to coal will surely be part of tomorrow’s solution. New technologies are beginning to unlock vast reservoirs of natural gas in the United States and Canada, making it both a cheap and clean alternative to coal. Natural gas has many benefits compared to coal - it is generally cleaner and safer to produce, it is more easily transportable over long distances, and it releases less carbon dioxide and other pollutants for the same amount of energy produced. It is likely that meeting tomorrows energy needs will require not just one, but all of these alternatives working alongside traditional fossil fuels. Over the next 30 years, oil and gas companies will play an important role in the development of alternative energy sources, supplying both the investment money and expertise needed in everything from engineering research to project management Photo from space - glow from electric lights at night. Image Credit: NASA

P: Compare Energy Resources The last two days we learned about the different types of energy available in our world. Use the class set to read about the advantages and disadvantages of the different energy resources.

A: Create a T-Graph Create a T-Graph in your binder(journal) of one energy resource comparing the advantages and disadvantages of using this resource. Coal advantages disadvantages

C: Debate Be prepared to share with class! Debate with your neighbor about the type of energy you compared and if you think it’s a energy source that is sustainable and cost efficient. Be prepared to share with class!

E: “The energy resource________________ is the best energy resource for the world to use because…”

Bill Nye: Energy 11/16/12 S: Your city wants to build a new power plant. Which type of resource would you suggest the city use? (Make sure that your suggestion is practical for where youlive.) Give 3 advantages of using this resource, and 1 disadvantage.

Which of these products are made from petroleum? Energy Trivia Which of these products are made from petroleum? A. Aspirin B. iPods C. Skateboards

Which of these products are made from petroleum? Energy Trivia Which of these products are made from petroleum? Answer: Petroleum is used in making aspirin, iPods and skateboards!

What crop in Brazil is used to make ethanol to fuel cars? Energy Trivia What crop in Brazil is used to make ethanol to fuel cars? A. Corn B. Coffee C. Sugarcane

What crop in Brazil is used to make ethanol to fuel cars? Energy Trivia What crop in Brazil is used to make ethanol to fuel cars? Answer: Sugarcane

What percentage of the world’s population lives without electricity? Energy Trivia What percentage of the world’s population lives without electricity? A. 2% B. 25% C. 49%

What percentage of the world’s population lives without electricity? Energy Trivia What percentage of the world’s population lives without electricity? Answer: 1.5 billion people— 25% of the world’s population Source: 2009 report by the U.N. Development Program

What speed does wind need to travel to be converted into electricity? Energy Trivia What speed does wind need to travel to be converted into electricity? A. 8 MPH B. 26 MPH C. Any speed

What speed does wind need to travel to be converted into electricity? Energy Trivia What speed does wind need to travel to be converted into electricity? Answer: 26 MPH

What is the most commonly used renewable resource? Energy Trivia What is the most commonly used renewable resource? A. The sun B. Water C. Wind

What is the most commonly used renewable resource? Energy Trivia What is the most commonly used renewable resource? Answer: Water Hydropower supplies nearly 1/5 of the world’s energy each year.

Which state produces the most wind energy? Energy Trivia Which state produces the most wind energy? A. California B. Texas C. Kansas

Which state produces the most wind energy? Energy Trivia Which state produces the most wind energy? Answer: California

How long does it take the sun’s energy to reach the earth? Energy Trivia How long does it take the sun’s energy to reach the earth? A. 2 minutes B. 5 minutes C. 8 minutes

How long does it take the sun’s energy to reach the earth? Energy Trivia How long does it take the sun’s energy to reach the earth? Answer: 8 minutes

How much land is needed for a wind turbine? Energy Trivia How much land is needed for a wind turbine? A. 200-250 feet B. 1-2 acres C. 8-10 acres

How much land is needed for a wind turbine? Energy Trivia How much land is needed for a wind turbine? Answer: 1-2 acres

Energy Trivia In which state do molecules have a different volume but not a different shape? A. Liquid B. Solid C. Gas

Energy Trivia In which state do molecules have a different volume but not a different shape? Answer: Liquid

Who is the world leader in known coal reserves? Energy Trivia Who is the world leader in known coal reserves? A. Australia B. China C. United States

Who is the world leader in known coal reserves? Energy Trivia Who is the world leader in known coal reserves? Answer: United States

Which is the cleanest fossil fuel? Energy Trivia Which is the cleanest fossil fuel? A. Coal B. Oil C. Natural gas

Which is the cleanest fossil fuel? Energy Trivia Which is the cleanest fossil fuel? Answer: Natural gas

What is the earth’s temperature a few feet underground? Energy Trivia What is the earth’s temperature a few feet underground? A. 50°F B. 250°F C. It varies

What is the earth’s temperature a few feet underground? Energy Trivia What is the earth’s temperature a few feet underground? Answer: 50°F year-round

A & C: Video

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