The Seeds of Racism in South Africa

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Title South Africa © Howard R. Spendelow Georgetown University draft as of 24 Feb 2006.

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Presentation transcript:

The Seeds of Racism in South Africa Why did the Afrikaner National Party create apartheid in 1948? Why did whites support racist ideas?

Timeline of South Africa Thousands of Years Ago African peoples inhabit the southern part of the African continent

Timeline of South Africa Thousands of Years Ago African peoples inhabit the southern part of the African continent

Timeline of South Africa Native people include Khoi Khoi, San, Zulu, and Xhosa

Timeline of South Africa 1652 The first Europeans – the Dutch – arrive and settle at the Cape of Good Hope. First settlement called the Dutch Cape Colony.

Timeline of South Africa 1652 The first Europeans – the Dutch arrive and settle at the Cape of Good Hope. First settlement called the Dutch Cape Colony. Consider themselves Africans or “Afrikaners” Enslave the Africans Many Dutch were farmers, or “Boers”

VOCABULARY Afrikaner (n.) – Dutch settlers in South Africa (Dutch for “African”) Afrikaans (n.) – language of the Afrikaners; South African version of “Dutch” language Boer (n.) – Dutch settlers in South Africa (Dutch for “farmer”)

Timeline of South Africa 1806 The British show up!

Timeline of South Africa 1806 The British show up! Take the Cape from the Dutch and enforce British law

Timeline of South Africa 1806 The British show up! Take the Cape from the Dutch and enforce British law 1833 British Empire ends slavery around the world (angers Afrikaners)

Timeline of South Africa 1833-1840 The Great Trek: The Boers move into the interior to get away from British rule and language.

Timeline of South Africa 1833-1840 The Great Trek Afrikaners clash with native Africans over land in several African wars, such as the Battle of Blood River.

Timeline of South Africa Orange Free State: Transvaal: 1833-1840 The Great Trek The Afrikaners create two “Boer states”: Orange Free State & Transvaal

Timeline of South Africa 1869 GOLD is found in the interior by the Boers!

Timeline of South Africa 1869 GOLD is found in the interior by the Boers! 1870 DIAMONDS are found in the interior by the Boers!

Timeline of South Africa 1869-1870 GOLD and DIAMONDS are found in the interior by the Boers! British use force to gain control over the area and use cheap black labor.

Timeline of South Africa 1899-1902 Boer War War between British and Boers. British wanted to unify territories; Boers wanted freedom from British.

Timeline of South Africa 1899-1902: Boer War In their effort to win, the British: put many Boers in concentration camps scorched the Boer’s earth (farms)

Timeline of South Africa 1910 South Africa gains its independence from Britain: Union of South Africa

Timeline of South Africa 1910 South Africa gains its independence from Britain: Union of South Africa Afrikaners are in control of government Segregation is policy throughout all South Africa

Timeline of South Africa 1912 African National Congress (ANC) formed Africans fight back politically

Timeline of South Africa 1912 African National Congress (ANC) formed Africans fight back politically Use non-violent methods inspired by Gandhi

Timeline of South Africa 1910-1948 New segregation policies: All blacks must carry passbooks

Timeline of South Africa 1910-1948 New segregation policies: All blacks must carry passbooks Native Land Act (1913) prevents native Africans from owning their own land

Timeline of South Africa 1948 Afrikaner National Party wins election Dr. Daniel Malan wins by uniting Afrikaners of all classes – theme of white supremacy

Timeline of South Africa 1948 Afrikaner National Party wins election Dr. Daniel Malan wins by uniting Afrikaners of all classes – theme of white supremacy APARTHEID becomes the law of the land

APARTHEID (n.) legal segregation of the races in South Africa; “apartness”