PG- 54 WWII Begins *Please remember that “*” means you DO NOT have to write it down. These are NOTES for Mrs. Rousseau!

Pre-War Foreign Policy -we focused on domestic issues -extreme anti-war feelings “Merchants of Death”- greedy bankers & arms dealers dragged the US into WWI -FDR’s Good Neighbor policy in Latin America- -Neutrality Acts forbids arms sales or loans to warring nations Roosevelt gives Quarantine speech isolationist, alternative to war

Prelude to War -Japanese Aggression: *need to expand 4 a growing population Manchuria, China, *militarist launched a surprise attack & seized control, 2xs as big as TX, rich China Emperor Hirohito----Hideki Tojo -Italy____________________ Fascism : gov’t that places interest of the state above individuals Benito Mussolini, appealed to I’s wounded pride, played on the fear of economic collapse & communism

Prelude to War -Rise of Germany Failed Weimar Republic Hitler: *Jobless WWI Vet, joins Socialist “Nazi Party”, become leader - promises to bring G out of Great Depression - Wrote “Mien Kampf”= “My Struggle”: plan of action 4 Nazi Party, Extreme Nationalism - Born in Austria, had a dream of uniting all G speaking peoples into a great Empire & enforcing Purification (to form a Master race) -Anticommunism Adolph Hitler & Third Reich: (3 rd G Empire, 1000 Year Reign) Nazi Political Party # *Many unemployed turned to H as last hope, joined his “Storm Trooper” army 1933: H appointed Chancellor

Bo burnham- little Adolph tot Lil hitler: Adult swim

Prelude to War -Russia (USSR) Soviet Union Joseph Stalin “Man of Steel” -Establishes Communist Gov’t *Gov’t Controls EVERYTHING *Stalin wanted to establish a Great Industrial Nation, bigger than the US *Enacted famous 5 year plan,1937- SU was 2 nd only to the US as a great Industrial Power *Caused over 13 Million Deaths by working people to death, great famines

Appeasement -Kellogg-Briand Pact -Hoover-Stimson Doctrine refuse to recognize lands taken by force -German rearmament -Taking of the Rhineland -Austria -Munich Peace Conference -American Neutrality

Appeasement :Giving up principles to pacify an Aggressor -Kellogg-Briand Pact ;war cannot be used as an instrument of Foreign Policy -Hoover-Stimson Doctrine refuse to recognize lands taken by force -German rearmament: Drop out of League of Nations -Taking of the Rhineland  -> ->-Munich Peace Conference, appeased G in order to maintain Peace once again, H promises it would be last territorial demand *Winston Churchill, ‘It was a shameful policy, B & F choose btw war & dishonor, They choose dishonor, they WILL have war.” American Neutrality

Europe at War -Japanese are invading China, Germany annexes Austria, 1938 why?: 1.land 2.A’s are G speaking & many are okay with it *The world does NOTHING -Germany takes Czechoslovakia, 1938 – and turns his eyes to Poland – could mean a conflict w/SU (Russia) -Germany-Russia sign non- aggression treaty, 1939 – will not attack each other, but will secretly divide Poland -Germany attacks Poland Sept. 1, Blitzkrieg -France, England declare war

Blitzkrieg -”lightning warfare” -heavy use of machinery and aircraft- many advances in military Technology -quick victory over Poland -not a lot of fighting after capture of Poland, waiting to see what H would do -Phony War begins Maginot Line –system of forts, Siegfried Line -Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway, then Belgium- to build bases there to attack Britain -Invasion of France -Massive Allied evacuation at Dunkirk -France signs surrender, June 1940 *Entire world watched, as H handed his Terms of Surrender

Blitzkrieg -lightning warfare -heavy use of machinery and aircraft -quick victory over Poland -Phony War begins Maginot Line Siegfried Line -Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway, then Belgium -Invasion of France -Massive Allied evacuation at Dunkirk -France signs surrender, June 1940

Battle of Britain -Germany controls most of Europe -Luftwaffe begin bombing of Britain: 2,000 planes, for 2 months, every night -RAF Royal Air Force defends British homeland: thanks to Radar -”Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few”-to the RAF Winston Churchill GB Prime Minister -Germany never launches invasion of Britain: but both continue to bomb one another to disrupt production & break civilian morale

“Never forget that everything Hitler did in Germany was legal.” ― Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr.Martin Luther King Jr.