Grammar Chapter 1 Parts of Speech

Definition: a noun is a person, place, thing or idea The Noun Definition: a noun is a person, place, thing or idea Common Nouns: names a generic person, place, thing or idea Proper Nouns: names a specific person, place, thing or idea; must be capitalized

Concrete Noun: a noun one can physically see, touch, hear, etc. Abstract Noun: a noun that cannot be physically touched, seen, heard, etc.

Collective Noun: names a group as a single unit Compound Noun: two words combined to make one idea

Type Example Common car Proper Ford Concrete desk Abstract beauty Collective audience Compound sidewalk Bellwork- DAY ONE: Identify the nouns and label them as common, proper, concrete, abstract and collective or compound

The Pronoun definition: takes the place of a noun, nouns, or pronoun personal: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they; me, my, your, yours, him, his, her, its, them, theirs, their reflexive: myself, yourself, him/herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves demonstrative – this, that, these, those interrogative – what, which, who, whom, whose relative – that, which, who, whom, whose indefinite – all, anyone, everybody, etc.

Definition: modifies a noun or pronoun The Adjective Definition: modifies a noun or pronoun answers: what kind, how much, which one, how many Common nouns v. Adjectives cheese v. cheese sandwich weather v. weather report Proper Nouns v. Proper Adjectives Picasso v. Picasso painting California v. California coast Articles definite – the; indefinite – a, an

The Verb Definition: an action or state of being word Verb Phrases: consist of helping verb(s) and main verb(s) Helping verbs work with the main verb to clarify the meaning of the sentence or verb Example: He does seem to be confused about nouns.

Action and Linking Verbs Action: expresses physical or mental action Example: physical – to run; mental – to think; to be Linking: connects the subject to the word(s) that describe the subject Example: The wet dog smelled horrible.

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Transitive: expresses action directed toward a noun; the action passes from the doer to the receiver Example: Juan mailed the package. Intransitive: expresses action without passing from doer to receiver Example: After playing all day, the children ate ravenously. doer receiver doer

The Adverb definition: modifies a verb, adverb, or adjective answers: how, when, where, to what extent modify verb: Marian performed beautifully. modify adverb: Cheetahs can run extremely fast. modify adjective: The players are exceptionally skillful.

The Preposition definition: shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word the box – in, on, around, under, inside, in front of, behind, toward, etc. most common and commonly missed – OF

The Conjunction and the Interjection definition: joins words or word groups coordinating conjunctions – FANBOYS correlative conjunctions – both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, whether…or The Interjection definition: expresses emotion and has no grammatical relation to the sentence aha, wow, hey, ouch, well, etc.