WP01 Water issues Izmir 01-02 | 04 | 05

Water issues questionnaire – status Questionnaire filled in by the partners presentation and discussion of the on-line questionnaire (new version) needs for revisions/updates

Water issues questionnaire – the water budget scheme Demand Supply Households (potable water, sewer system, health, washing machines, etc.) Surface water (lakes, rivers, streams, reservoirs) Tourism (potable water, sewer system, health, washing machines, swimming pools, gardens, green areas for sport activities, etc.) Groundwater Agriculture (irrigation, livestock feeding, aquaculture, etc.) Rainwater Industry (industrial production, cooling, hydropower, etc.) Desalinated water (seawater, brackish water) Treated/recycled wastewater Water imports – water exports Total Budget ∆R Are there reserves? Are they used for purposes of ecosystems protection? Quantity, Quality, Accessibility, Infrastructures   Socio-demographic, Economic, Environmental issues Management: what do the water resource institutions do to keep the balance?

Water issues questionnaire – the DPSIR framework The questionnaire is built in compliance with the DPSIR (Driving Forces, Pressures, State, Impacts and Responses) assessment framework, as implemented by the European Environmental Agency: Management: Legislation Regulatory frmework Water pricing Education and awareness Technology Water supply: infrastructures Driving forces Demand: Households Tourism Agriculture Industry Responses Pressures Impacts Physical conditions: Floods and droughts Watershed degradation Coastal interaction Supply: Quantity Quality Physical conditions, Supply: Climate change Pollution Physical intrusions Supply: Quantity Quality State

Water issues questionnaire – “physical conditions” section This section addresses the basic physical characteristics of the case study area, inasmuch as they contribute to the subsequent specific water resources management-related issues and problems: Water scarcity Floods and droughts Groundwater availability and quality Watershed degradation Coastal interaction

Water issues questionnaire – “water management” section This section addresses issues related to management, policy/institutional, and regulatory/legal aspects: Institutional framework Regulatory framework Water pricing policies Education and awareness Gender issues Technology and investments

Water issues questionnaire – “water demand” section This section takes into account not only the increasing pressure that human activities play on water resources, causing scarcity problems (both quantity and quality) Development of demand (generic) Households Tourism Agriculture Industry Other uses, but also the limits to economic development and to the quality of life of the population due to the same conditions of water scarcity, requiring new solutions (e.g., land use change, or low consumption technologies) for a better management of such scarce resources.

Water issues questionnaire – “water supply” section This section assesses the state of water resources in terms of quantity and quality, and describes some of the impacts on the surface and groundwater compartments: Quantity Quality Accessibility Infrastructures

Water issues questionnaire – glossary Water demand or Water use (present definition): The volume of water requested by users to satisfy their needs. This is determined by the requirements of the activities and the water supply conditions. Demands are covered by water productions: withdrawals, fossile water extractions, (non-renewable productions) to which are added non-conventional water sources (reuse, desalination). Water demand (IRMCo proposal): Actual quantity of water required for various needs over a given period, as influenced by economic, social and other factors.

Water issues questionnaire – glossary Water demand (new definition): Actual quantity of water requested by users over a given period to satisfy their needs, as influenced by economic, social and other factors (the requirements of the activities and the water supply conditions).

Water issues questionnaire – glossary Water use (present definition): Water that is used for a specific purpose, such as for domestic use, irrigation, or industrial processing. Water use pertains to human's interaction with and influence on the hydrologic cycle. Three types of water use are distinguished: (a) withdrawal, where water is taken from a river, or surface or underground reservoir, and after use returned to a natural water body, e.g. water used for cooling in industrial processes. Such return flows are particularly important for downstream users in the case of water taken from rivers; (b) consumptive, which starts with withdrawal but in this case without any return, e.g. irrigation, steam escaping into the atmosphere, water contained in final products, i.e. it is no longer available directly for subsequent uses; (c) non-withdrawal, i.e. the in situ use of a water body for navigation (including the floating of logs by the lumber industry), fishing, recreation, effluent disposal and hydroelectric power generation.

Water issues questionnaire – glossary Water supply (present definition): Water availability. Water supply refers to the share of water abstraction which is supplied to users (excluding losses in storage, conveyance and distribution). Water supply (IRMCo proposal): Actual quantity of water which is available to the enduser (household, tourism, agriculture and industry). Cfr. water production, i.e. actual volume of water produced over a given period. This should consider all possible water sources: surface water abstraction, groundwater withdrawal, treated wastewater, distillation, desalination etc. (before distribution).

Water issues questionnaire – glossary Water supply (new definition): Water availability. Water supply refers to the share of water abstraction (excluding losses in storage, conveyance and distribution) which is available to the enduser (household, tourism, agriculture and industry).

Water issues questionnaire – glossary Accessibility (present definition): Reasonable access to water means a water supply in the dwelling or within 15 minutes walking distance. Accessibility (ESS proposal): Reasonable access to water depends on the socio-economic, historical and geograhpical setting; for the Mediterranean region, we define it to mean a (piped) water supply within the dwelling or enterprise or within its immediate surroundings.

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