1. Drought Management and Water Scarcity Adaptation
MINISTRY OF THE
ENVIRONMENT, AND RURAL
AND MARINE AFFAIRS
DIRECTORATE GENERAL
FOR WATER
CHAPTER 7 :
Drought Management and Water Scarcity Adaptation
CIS Strategic Steering Group on Climate Change and Water
Inmaculada Paniagua
Luis Garrote
Directorate General for Water
29 April 2009 1

2. Introduction How can we adapt in areas exposed to
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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% Change runoff A1, average 12 models, IPCC, 2007
Climate change projections:
- Reduction of average flow in Sothern Europe
- Longer and more intense droughts in all Europe
% Change seasonal and annual river flow A2, LISFLOOD
How can we adapt
in areas exposed to
drought and water scarcity
in the framework of
EU water legislation? 2

3. Drought Management and Water Scarcity Adaptation
Chapter outline
MINISTRY OF THE
ENVIRONMENT, AND RURAL
AND MARINE AFFAIRS
DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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CHAPTER 7 :
Drought Management and Water Scarcity Adaptation
Introduction: Drought, water scarcity and climate change. Review of existing documentation
Technical background
Policy and Legislation: why emphasis on droughts and water scarcity?
Link to Water Framework Directive
Methodology of analysis
Climate change scenarios for water resources in arid/semiarid regions
Analysis of extremes: drought frequency, duration, magnitude and intensity
Expected impacts
Review of specific CC impacts on areas already exposed to water scarcity
Monitorization and early detection: indicators
Measures to adapt to climate change with regard to water scarcity and droughts
Institutional framework
Building adaptive capacity
Specific measures for drought management 3

4. 1. ANALISYS OF EXISTING DOCUMENTATION
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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1. ANALISYS OF EXISTING DOCUMENTATION 1.
Technical background
Climate change and water (IPPC, 2008)
Impacts of Europe’s Climate Change-2008 Indicators- based assessment (EEA, 2008)
Water Scarcity and Droughts, in-depth Assessment. Second Interim Report. June 2007.
Policy and legislation
Commission Communication of 18 July 2007: Addressing the challenge of water scarcity
and droughts in the European Union
Council of the European Union conclusion to the Commission Communication of 18 July 2007
Technical Report on Drought Management Plan
On the Follow on the Communication on water scarcity and droughts (2008)
Do you know any other relevant legislation or Technical report?
Would you refer to other kind of documents?
How can we link with the impacts of the climate change?
Water Framework Directive:
PoMs
DMPs
Exemptions
Extreme events
Objective e. contributes to mitigate effects of floods and drought
How can we link RBMPs with climate change? 4

5. 2. METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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Water managers need guidance in interpreting results of climate models
GCMs, Regional models
Policy relevant scenarios:
Emissions
Socio-economic activity
Management of natural resources
Analysis
Factors relevant
for water resources managers:
Mean values
Seasonality
Interannual variability
Extreme values
How can we develop specific methodologies to
quantify water resources and characterize droughts in climate change scenarios?
Examples, please! 5

6. 2. METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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Example: Impact of precipitation change on river flows (UK) 6

7. 2. METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS
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Example: Runoff estimation through hydrometeorological model (ES)
Scenario A2
Scenario B2 7

8. Examples of case studies
3. EXPECTED IMPACTS
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What are the expected impacts in areas exposed to drought and water scarcity?
These regions are very sensitive to climate change
High degree of water resources use
Need to allocate water for environmental uses
Little margin to improve water availability
Climate change is perceived as intensification of existing pressures
Reduction of water availability
Increase in water demand
Intensification of water management conflicts
Competition for water
Decrease of water quality
In some areas, current water uses cannot be maintained in the future
Progressive reduction of water consumption
Reallocation of water availability to those uses that are considered more adequate by society
Any other relevant impact?
Examples of case studies 8

9. 3. EXPECTED IMPACTS Example: Water availability for abstraction (UK) 9
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Example: Water availability for abstraction (UK) 9

10. 3. MONITORIZATION AND INDICATORS
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Indicators developed by Spain
Driving force
Pressure
State
Impact
Response
Atrophic factors
Population density
Population concentration
Overnights stays
Land under cultivation
Land under intensive cultivation
Livestock population
Industry GAV
Most polluting industries GAV
Natural factors
Precipitation
Temperature
Potential evapotranspiration
Water demand
Urban water supply
Fertilizers consumption
Pesticides consumption
Cumulative flow
Reservoir storage
Exploitation/consumption indexes
Hydrologic status
Organic contamination
Aquifers nitrates concentration
Humidity index
P deviations
T deviations
PE deviations
Soil moisture
Natural water resources
Volume of water as snow
Arid surface
Environmental objectives for groundwater bodies
Environmental objectives for water bodies
WWTP compliance
Water supply investment
Water quality investment
Operative dam
Reservoir capacity
Reused water volume
Desalination water volume
Efficient use of urban water
Price of domestic water
Price of industrial water
Natural Network surface
Do we need to develop specific indicators concerning climate change? 10

11. 4. MEASURES TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE Examples of case studies
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Win-win strategy: Water scarcity and climate change adaptation policies are equally effective to solve current water management problems and will be effective for a wide range of future scenarios
Policy-relevant adaptation measures
Water policy in global framework
Establishing priorities in sectorial policies
Identification of essential demands
Integrated management of territory
Building adaptation capacity
Improve legal framework
Strengthen public water management institutions
Change decision making process
Methodological improvement: scenario analyses, sensitivity studies, etc.
Intensification of existing policies
Increase and diversify supply (non conventional water resources)
Reduce and flexibilize demands (reliability)
Integrated management of water systems
Water rights exchange
Densification of distribution networks
Immediate and progressive action
Monitoring (measurement networks)
Early warning (I+D+I activities)
Any other relevant adaptation measures?
Examples of case studies 11

12. 4. MEASURES TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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Example: Drought observatory (US) 12

13. 4. MEASURES TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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Example: Water recycling (ES) 13

14. Thank you for your attention
MINISTRY OF THE
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL
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Thank you for your attention
We are looking forward to your comments!! 14