Revolution and Nationalism, 1900-1939

Imperial China Collapses Section 3

Journal 1. What parts of the world were taken over by Europeans? 2. How was Japan different than China? (page 376) 3. How would you feel if you were ruled by a foreign power? Africa, China, India Modernized unlike china (education and military) – China is ruled by foreigners – many people want them out

Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty Sun Yixian, leader of the Nationalist Party, overthrows Qing emperor (1911) Modernization Nationalism – an end to foreign control Democracy Powerful general Yuan Shikai takes over Civil war breaks out Real power falls into the hands of warlords or powerful military leaders – they ruled territories as large as their armies could conquer

May Fourth Movement (1919) Student protest Chinese government’s weak response to Treaty of Versailles

Communist Party 1921 organized by Mao Zedong Together with the nationalists (Jiang Jieshi) fight the warlords Nationalists massacre the Communists and take control of China Pesants are going to side with the Communists because they give them land they won from the warlords The communists who survive are furious

Civil War Mao takes his forces to the countryside Nationalists surround the Communists and force them on a 6,000-mile-long journey (Long March) Japan invades in 1937 and civil war temporarily stops

Nationalism in India and Southwest Asia Section 4

Indian Nationalism Grows Hindu Indian National Congress (1885) Muslim League (1906) Million Indians serve in British army in WWI but self-government is not granted Rowlatt Acts – British jail protestors without a trial

Amritsar Massacre British had banned public meetings British fire without warning 400 Indians die Uh-MITS-Rhur

Gandhi and Nonviolence Civil disobedience – deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law Nonviolence Asked Indians to not buy British goods (cloth), attend their schools, pay taxes Factories shut down Jails were overcrowded

Salt March British place tax on salt Gandhi and followers march 240 miles to the coast to make their own salt

Limited Self-Rule Government of India Act – limited self govt. Issues between Hindus and Muslims

Nationalism in Southwest Asia Ottoman Empire collapses after WWI Mustafa Kemal becomes pres. of Turkey and modernizes New legal system Women can vote

Nationalism in Southwest Asia Nationalist leader Reza Shah Pahlavi modernizes country Persia is renamed Iran Public school, railroads, women’s rights

Nationalism in Southwest India Saudi Arabia keeps Islamic traditions Telephones and radios brought in but no democracy

Assignment Indian Action Amritsar protest Boycotts Salt March British Response British troops fire on unarmed crowd Sale of British products drops Police officers club demonstrators

Make a poster Use photographs, drawings, and/or captions to persuade others to join the independence movement