1. Nationalism in India and Southwest Asia
Chapter 14, section 4

2. Indian Nationalism Grows
Once again, education is dangerous to those in power
Elite Indians are educated in Britain
What do they learn about?
Two parties form they want independence
1885: Congress Party
1906: Muslim League

3. WWI = Nationalist Activity
Millions of Indians enlist in British army
They are promised reform in exchange for fighting
Later in the war, Indians call for greater representation in gov.
When the war ended nothing changed
Violent protest breakout
Britain passes the Rowlatt Act (jail w/o trial)

4. Amritsar Massacre
Protesting the Rowlatt Act ~10,000 Hindus and Muslims gather at Amritsar
Because once warring groups (Hindus and Muslims) gathered together the British become alarmed
Public meetings are banned by Britain
They see this as defiance
Open fire for tem minutes, killing ~400

5. Gandhi’s Principles of Nonviolence
Mohandas K Gandhi emerges as leader
Studied law in England
Blended all religions together for change
Nonviolent noncooperation:
Don’t hurt them
Don’t obey them
Totally new concept

6. Civil Disobedience Also known as passive resistance
Deliberate and public refusal to obey unjust laws
They would not follow British laws to gain independence
Indians now refused to: buy British goods, attend governmental schools, pay British taxes, vote in elections
Thousands of Indians are arrested, and hurt the British pockets

7. The Slow March to Independence
The Salt March:
To protest the Salt Act (could only buy gov salt with tax)
Marched to the sea and made their own
They continued to march on the gov salt factory
Beaten with clubs they refused to stop or become violent, global sensation

8. Britain Grants India Self-Rule
Civil disobedience wins
In 1935 Britain passes the Government of India Act
But as they move to independence two groups fight
Hindus and Muslims had different views on “where” the country should go
There are more Hindus so…

9. Nationalism Spreads in Southwest Asia
Turkey becomes a republic
Mustafa Kemal lead the Turks against the Ottoman Sultan winning freedom
Westernized Turkey
Persia becomes Iran
Once Britain and Russia’s
Britain tries to take over = revolt
The new ruler takes over in 1925, leads to modernization

10. Spread of Nationalism Saudi Arabia keeps Islamic tradition
Many countries break away from Islamic Law
United under one power in 1932
The country is ruled under customs, religion, and family ties
Oil Resources
Petroleum is in high demand
In the 1920s & 1930s many foreign companies invest $$$ in these oil rich countries