1. Chapter 14 – Revolution and Nationalism (1900 – 1939) Section 3 – Imperial China Collapses
Main Idea: After the fall of the Qing dynasty, nationalist and Communist movements struggled for power
Why It Matters Now: The seeds of China’s late-20th-century political thought, communism, were planted at this time

2. What was happening in China when we last visited there?

3. Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty
Kuomintang (Nationalist Party)- is led by Sun Yixian
Pushed for modernization and nationalization
1911, Revolutionary Alliance takes out the Qing dynasty (ruled since 1644)
Sun named president of new Republic of China
Three Principles of People:
Nationalism
People’s rights
People’s livelihood
Taiwan's $100 Bill

4. Sun loses power Sun has no military support
General Yuan Shikai took over
He went against democracy
This started revolts of the people
General died sparking revolution
Power turned over to warlords

5. China in WWI
China supported Allies hoping for Germany to return their land
Allies give Japan the land, however
May 4, the MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT
3,000 students protested in Beijing over Treaty
Spread to other areas and exploded into national movement
New thinkers wanted Soviet communism

6. Communist Party in China
1921, Mao Zedong and others found the communist party in China
Mao thought of revolution of the peasant country folk
Jiang Jieshi (formerly Chiang Kai-shek) took over Kuomintang and went against communists
Govt went corrupt
Mao gave land to the people so they sided with him
1927- Jiang had communist leaders killed and took complete power
Became president of Nationalist Republic of China in 1928

7. Civil War Rages in China
In 1930, Mao took communist armies to the south-central area of China avoiding defeat
1933: Jiang’s army of 700,000 surrounded Mao’s 100,000 men in the mountains
Communist forces retreated on a 6,000-mile-long hike. The LONG MARCH killed thousands of communist red army fighters but saved the group
During this MARCH, Japan invaded China in 1937
Bombed villages and cities
By 1938, Japan controls much of China
Invasion forces two groups to stop civil war and fight Japan

8. Red Army soldiers marching part of the 6,000 miles
Luding Bridge

9. Cave dwellings in Shaanxi Red Army troops crossing the snowy mountains
Mao on the Long March
Communist leader addresses the survivors of the Long March