Why Do People Migrate Within a Country? Ch. 3 Key Issue 4 Why Do People Migrate Within a Country?

Internal Migration Inter(between)regional Intra(within)regional

National Migration in US U.S. settlement patterns Colonial settlement Early settlement in the interior (early 1800s) California Gold Rush in the 1840s Great Plains settlement Recent growth of the South All these factors move our “center of population”

US Settlement Patterns Colonial Settlement Appalachian Mountains was intervening obstacle to westward migration from Atlantic Coast Interior Settlement (early 1800s) Transportation opened up the interior (Erie Canal) Cheap land pulled settlers to forests between Appalachians and Miss. River; used wood to build

US Settlement Patterns California Settlement Gold Rush pulled people to Cali, past the Great Plains in Midwest Great plains environment pushed settlers out- dry, no trees Settlement of Great Plains Tech advances, RRs: farmers used RR to ship goods to East coast

US Settlement Patterns Recent Growth of South Job opportunities in South To the “sunbelt” from the “rustbelt” Civil Rights laws attracted Blacks back to South

Migration between regions of other countries INTERregional migration in other countries Government incentives: Brazil (moving capital city = forward capital) and Indonesia (paid migration) Economic migration within European countries East to West (poor to wealthy) Restricted migration in India (preserving Assam region) Russification of Russia

FIGURE 3-19

Migrating between regions of other countries Maquilladoras in Northern Mexico US factories in Mexico to take advantage of cheap labor and lax environmental regulations Labor shortage in Northern Mexico due to Mexicans entering US (legally and illegally)

Examples of companies with Maquilladoras Delphi, which split off from General Motors and remains a major auto supplier, has 66,000 workers and 51 maquiladora factories Lear corporation 34,000 workers and 8 factories General Electric 20,700 workers and 30 factories Whirlpool 7,500 workers and 5 factories Emerson Electric 5,678 workers and 7 factories Motorola 5,290 workers and 2 factories Honeywell 4,900 workers and 3 factories Bose 2,900 workers and 2 factories Mattell 2,578 workers and 1 factory

Interregional Migration in US. Which region was growing in 1995? Current trend: Slowing migration, mostly into the South FIGURE 3-18

Intra(within)regional migration Intraregional is more common than interregional. 3 types of Intraregional migration Urbanization Suburbanization Counterurbanization Migration from rural to urban areas (urbanization) Mostly in LDCs; MDCs already went through this process during the Indust. Rev. Economic migration- going to live where their job is (in the city)

Intra(within)regional migration Migration from urban to suburban areas (suburbanization) Mostly in MDCs Want a suburban lifestyle (own house, yard, safer) Migration from urban to rural areas (Counterurbanization) Want a more relaxing lifestyle thought to be in the “country”, escape city life

Intraregional Migration in the United States

FIGURE 3-22 Counterurbanization

Conclusion As the worlds population continues to grow (lots of LDCs in stage 2, high growth), the number of migrants will expand as well (because stage 2 experiences OUT-migration/international migration! Review migration transition) The more migrants that are moving around, the more different cultures will mix and raise concerns about race, ethnicity, language and religion (all are the next coming chapters!)