1. Migration

2. Ravenstein’s Migration Laws
Short distance(s)
Step-by-step
One current produces another current
Females more migratory within country; males more migratory outside
Adults, families tend to stay in home country
Longer the distance more likely to move to large city
Ravenstein’s Migration Laws

3. Ravenstein’s Migration Laws
From rural to urban
Large towns grow more from migration than birth rates
Increases as industry develops and transportation improves
Agricultural to industrial areas
Economics is the MAJOR cause
Ravenstein’s Migration Laws

4. Push factors: issues leading people to leave a specific location
Pull factors: issues leading people to move to a specific location
Economic Push/Pull
Job prospects
Natural resources
Educational opportunities
Reasons for Migrating

5. Reasons for Migrating Cultural Push/Pull Slavery Political instability
Boundaries to split two+ groups
Wars/Conflict
Refugees: forced to move & can’t return for fear of persecution (internal or international)
Reasons for Migrating

6. Reasons for Migrating Environmental Push/Pull Intervening Obstacles
Physically attractive regions
Technological advancements
Health/Allergy issues
Water (too much/little)
Okies/Dust Bowl
New Orleans/Katrina
Intervening Obstacles
Reasons for Migrating

7. Distance of Migration Internal Migration: within same country
Interregional: one region to another
Typically rural to urban
Intraregional: within same region
Typically urban to suburban
International Migration: to new country
Migration Transition & Demo. Trans. Model
Stage 1: non-permanent or seasonal
Stage 2: more international or interregional
Stages 3 & 4: more internal
Distance of Migration

8. Characteristics of Migration

9. Characteristics of Migration

10. Global Migration Patterns
Largest flows:
Asia to Europe
Asia to North America
Latin America to North America
Global Migration Patterns

11. Global Migration Patterns

12. US Immigration Patterns
Initial colonization
English/Western Europe and African
Mid 1800s to early 1900s
German/Irish and East European
1970s to Present
Latin American and Asian
US Immigration Patterns

13. US Immigration Patterns

14. Region to Region Migration: U.S.
Center of Population: average location of everyone in the country
Population, transportation, and technology
Region to Region Migration: U.S.

15. Region to Region Migration: Russia
Est. factories near raw materials rather than existing populations
Far North (incl. Siberia) 45% land area but only 2% of population
USSR used forced migration and later incentives
Komsomol: volunteers on school breaks to help construct projects
Today: factories locate wherever
Region to Region Migration: Russia

16. Region to Region Migration: Brazil
Population along coast, not inland
Created Brasília as inland capital
Region to Region Migration: Brazil

17. Region to Region Migration: Indonesia
2/3 of population lived on Java
Since 1969, paid 5+ million to move to other islands
5 acres of land
Materials to build home
Starter seeds
Initial food supplies
Little true success
Region to Region Migration: Indonesia

18. Region to Region Migration: Europe
Italy: south to north in search of jobs
Unemployment: south 20%, north 5%
United Kingdom: north to south
Leaving factory jobs for service jobs
Region to Region Migration: Europe

19. Region to Region Migration: India
Permit required to migrate to—or even visit—State of Assam
Created during British era
To protect Assamese ethnic minority
Assam borders Bangladesh = international limitations as well
Region to Region Migration: India

20. Migration within ONE Region
Rural to Urban
U.S.: %, %, Today-75%
Worldwide, 20 million move to urban each year
Urban to Suburban
MDC: twice as many move from central city to suburb as from suburb to central city
Not for jobs but for lifestyle
Metro to Nonmetro
New trend in MDCs, esp. in retirement ages
Migration within ONE Region

21. Migration within ONE Region

22. Migration within ONE Region