What were the causes, key events, and results of the war? The Peloponnesian War What were the causes, key events, and results of the war?

Introduction to the Peloponnesian War (431-405 BCE) Athens and Sparta had united and fought as allies in the Persian Wars After the Persian Wars the Greek city- states formed an alliance known as the Delian League Athens slowly took control of the league and Sparta separated and established their own alliance known as the Peloponnesian League

Causes of the Peloponnesian War Athens grew in population and capital (resources/wealth) which worried the Spartans Sparta rejected Athenian power and the two sides turned to fighting for control of Greece

Key Events Athens under the leadership of Pericles refused to back down from Spartan opposition They did not wish to engage in hand-to- hand combat with the Spartans but instead opted to use their navy to harass Sparta and its allies coastlines The Athenian naval strategy was effective until a plague swept the city of Athens Pericles along with nearly half the population of Athens were destroyed

Key Events Between 429 and 411 BCE, Athens (Delian League) and Sparta (Peloponnesian) fought for control of the various city-states in Greece Each side wanted to cut off one another’s allies

Key Events Athens controlled more land and subjects than Sparta This meant Athens had more manpower and money Sparta would eventually receive money, resources, and soldiers from Persia

Key Events Between the aid from Persia, the plague that swept Athens, and a growing emphasis on the navy Sparta took control of the war Sparta took control of Athens in 405 BCE—Athenian democracy was destroyed and a Spartan led oligarchy was put in place

Effects of the War Roughly 25 years of fighting between the Greeks devastated their economy and population Although Sparta won the war the Greeks would no longer be united and all city-states were now weakened

Effects of the War The Peloponnesian War resulted in a slowing of cultural advancements and weakened the political power of Greece The death of democracy, diminishing Athenian cultural and intellectual contributions, and wide-spread poverty throughout Greece

Effects of the War The war weakened Athens and Sparta and allowed for their northern neighbors (Macedonians) to eventually conquer Greece https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfYvXXxz_hU