1. Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Ancient Greece
Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
WHI 5d

2. Essential Question
Why were wars with Persia important to the development of Greek culture?
Why was the Peloponnesian War important to the spread of Greek culture?

3. Persian Empire

4. Persian War Greek cities in Turkey (Ionia) revolt against the Persians
Darius, the Persian Emperor invades Greece
490 BCE, Battle of Marathon between Persians and Athenians

5. Persians Invade Greece
Persian War
490 BCE
Persians Invade Greece
Battle of Marathon

7. Greek Hoplite

9. 2nd Persian War
The Persian Emperor, Xerxes, attacked Greece again in 480 BCE
Xerxes invaded Greece by land and sea

10. 2nd Persian War, Battles Thermopylae (Spartans)
Salamis (naval battle – Athenian fleet)
Plataea (Persians defeated)

11. Thermopylae

12. Trireme

13. Persian Fleet

14. Outcome of Persian Wars
Greeks gained control of the Aegean
Athens formed the Delian League to fight the Persians
Delian League became Athenian Empire

15. Peloponnesian War
In 431 BCE the Peloponnesian War started between Athens and Sparta
The war lasted until 404 BCE when Athens surrendered
The war weakened both Sparta and Athens and led to the decline of the Greek city states

16. Peloponnesian War
Competition between Sparta and Athens caused the Peloponnesian War
Athens controlled the Delian League and Sparta controlled the Peloponnesian League
Both cities feared the power of the other and this fear and distrust was the primary cause of the war

17. Peloponnesian League

18. Sparta vs. Athens Sparta Land Power Oligarchy
Economy based on agriculture
Little money
Athens
Naval Power
Democracy
Economy based on agriculture and trade
Reserves of gold and silver

19. Athens Walls

20. Athens

21. Outcome of Peloponnesian War
Athens and Sparta Weakened
End of Golden Age of Greece
Rise of Macedonian Power