1. BELLWORK 1.What was the outcome of the Persian Wars? 2.Although the Greeks lost the Persian Wars, it was considered a success for civilization/culture. Why? 3.Define classical. 4.Who was Pericles? How did he help Athens after the Persian Wars? 5.How did the Greeks view Olympic winners? 6.How did the study of history and science change during the development of Greek civilization? 7.THINKER: Make a prediction  What happens to Sparta and Athens after the Persian Wars? Do you think they remain allies? Why or why not?

2. Reading: The Decline of Greece Read pgs. 60-61 and answer the following questions in your notes in complete sentences: 1.Why did Persian forces want to punish the Greeks? 2.After the Persian Wars, what happened to Sparta and Athens? 3.Explain the two sides of the Peloponnesian War. What were their advantages? 4.Who won the Peloponnesian War? Why? List three reasons! 5.How did the Peloponnesian War effect the Greek city-states and eventual decline?

3. The Peloponnesian War War between Sparta and Athens that lasted from 431BC to 404BC. Sparta allied with the Persians A plague struck Athens and killed 1/3 of their population Persian-financed Spartan navy destroyed Athens fleet. Athenians surrendered

5. Macedonia In the early 400s B.C., the Persians under both Darius I and Xerxes I tried to conquer the Greek city-states, but failed. 150 years later, the Macedonians made a similar attempt – and succeeded!

6. Macedonia Macedonia was a separate empire (city- state) north of Greece. In 359BC, Philip II became king of Macedonia. Three goals: 1.Create a strong army 2.Unify the Greek city-states under Macedonian rule 3.Destroy the Persian Empire

9. The Macedonians Philip organized his infantry into phalanxes. Each phalanx consisted of rows of soldiers carrying shields and swords – forming a solid wall. The Greek city-states, weakened by the Peloponnesian War, could not defend themselves. By 338BC, the Macedonians controlled almost all of Greece.

12. The Macedonians Next on Philip’s list was to wage war against Persia, until……. HE WAS MURDERED!!! He was killed by Pausanias, one of his bodyguards. His son Alexander, later known as Alexander the Great, took over the throne.

14. Alexander the Great Reading Alexander the Great was one of the most influential rulers in the world. To learn more about him, you are going to read pgs. 63-65 and answer the following 8 questions in your notes. (continue on with your Macedonia notes) Since these are your notes, you need to answer the questions in complete sentences! Be ready to discuss!

15. Alexander the Great 1.What happened when Alexander went to war with Persia? 2.What other lands did Alexander conquer? 3.What was Alexander’s main goal as king of Macedonia? 4.How did Alexander try to combine Greek and Persian cultures? 5.What happened to the land after Alexander’s death? 6.What are the characteristics of Hellenistic culture? 7.How is Hellenistic art different from ancient Greek art? 8.What advances did scientists in the Hellenistic period make?

17. Alexander the Great - Newscast In groups of 2-3, you are going to write a brief one minute newscast about the growth of Macedonia’s empire. Get into character! Pretend you lived in the time period and were watching Alexander conquer numerous empires throughout Europe, Asia and Africa. Follow the prompt and use the orange handout as a reference. Suggestions: 1.Alexander’s rise to power 2.Alexander taking over the Persian Empire 3.Alexander’s expansion into Asia and Africa Be creative and have fun! I will select a few groups to perform their newscast in class tomorrow!