Molecules and Cells Demonstrate an understanding of the role of chemistry in life processes.
Review of Chemistry Bubbl.us on atoms, bonding, and elements Atoms are made of… Bonding happens when… Some elements are…
Monomers & Polymers Mono = Poly = Mer = Monomer = Polymer = Monomer = vinyl chloride Polymer = polyvinychloride Monomer = ethylene Polymer = polyethylene Monomer = ester Polymer = ? Monomer = ? Polymer = Polystyrene
Carbohydrates Proteins Enzymes Lipids Nucleic Acids MC.1.B.1 Describe the structure and function of the major organic molecules found in living systems Carbohydrates Proteins Enzymes Lipids Nucleic Acids PAGES: 45-49, 52, 53
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates Names end in -ose Ringed Contain which elements? CARBO
Carbohydrates
Carb Structures Ringed Contain which elements? CARBO HYDRATE
Carb Purpose Quick energy source Energy storage (glycogen) Bowel regularity (fiber) Plant strength (cellulose/fiber)
PROTEIN
Amino Acids Building Blocks of proteins We get them by eating foods that have protein, our bodies break down the protein and recycle the amino acids They all have two things in common… See if you can find it on the next slide
Protein
Protein Purpose Channels in cells Markers on cells Main component of muscle tissue Acts as cell transmitter (start/stop signal for processes) Proteins from food break down into amino acids that help our bodies build/repair muscle
ENZYMES Names end in -ase Special kind of protein Aid in chemical reactions Each reaction in the body has a specific protein, so one protein can only do a certain thing
Enzymes
Enzyme Purpose Speed up chemical reactions Used in some laundry detergents to help break down stains
LIPIDS
Lipids Lipids are fats, oils, steroids, waxes Long chains of hydrocarbons What elements are present? Saturated and unsaturated
Saturated vs Unsaturated
Lipid purpose Waxes – waterproof barriers Building cell membranes Long term energy storage
NUCLEIC ACIDS Store our genetic information and use it to build proteins necessary for life processes Built of nucleotides
Let’s Review Bubbl.us of organic molecules Structures Polymers vs monomers Elements present Etc…
MC.1.B.2 Describe the role between an enzyme and its substrate molecule PAGES: 52-53
Enzymes What do they do?
Enzymes
INDUCED FIT MODEL ONE substrate per enzyme What does this mean?
Surface tension Adhesion Cohesion Polarity pH PAGES: 40-44 MC.1.B.3 Investigate the properties of water and its (water’s) significance for life Surface tension Adhesion Cohesion Polarity pH PAGES: 40-44
Brainstorm water Bubbl.us brainstorm on water
Polarity of water
Cohesion Water sticking to itself
Adhesion Water sticking to other things
Capillary action
pH
Acids High amounts (concentrations) of hydrogen ions (protons) or hydronium (H3O) ions
Bases High concentrations of hydroxide (OH-) ions
pH scale
Review Bubbl.us of water
Activation energy Endergonic reactions Exergonic reactions MC.1.B.4 Explain the role of energy in chemical reactions of living systems. Activation energy Endergonic reactions Exergonic reactions PAGES: 50-53
The Reaction
The Reaction In order to start it must reach what energy? What is at the beginning, reactants or products?
The Reaction
Exergonic & Endergonic Exer = releases Ender = absorbs What would an exergonic reaction do with energy? What would an endergonic reaction do with energy? What would happen to the temperature of the chemicals involved at the start compared to the end?
Adding an enzyme What do you think would happen if an enzyme were to be added to a reaction?
The enzyme Lowers activation energy Reactions occur faster WHY DO WE NEED ENZYMES?
Review Bubbl.us reactions
Standard Review Bubbl.us bio standard 1 Importance/structure of organic molecules Fit of enzyme with substrate Properties of water Chemical reactions and energy