Autotrophic Multicellular Immobile Kingdom Plantae Autotrophic Multicellular Immobile

ALL PLANTS ARE: Eukaryotic Terrestrial/aquatic Water CO2 Photosynthesis Base of energy pyramid

WE DEPEND ON PLANTS FOR Food Medicine Clothing Building material Paper Anything else?

DIVISION OF PLANTS Nonvascular Vascular Seedless Seed Monocots Dicots Angiosperms Gymnosperms Ferns Conifers Monocots Dicots

TYPES OF TROPISM Thigmotropism Phototropism Hydrotropism Gravitropism Movement of a plant due to an environmental stimulus Phototropism Hydrotropism Gravitropism

My Wisteria growing up the pergola

NON-VASCULAR PLANTS Lack vascular tissue Small, grow low to the ground Restricted to moist terrestrial environments NO true roots, leaves, or stems Examples: mosses, liverworts, hornworts

VASCULAR PLANTS Have a vascular system Xylem (up) Phloem (down, up, side) Grow tall Thick cell walls Have true roots, leaves and stems

STEMS Supports, transports, and stores Herbaceous Stem Woody Stem #1 Terminal Bud #2 Lateral Bud #3 Leaf Scar #4 Terminal Growth rings or lateral #5 Aveoli (air ducts)

ROOTS Anchors plant in soil Absorbs water and minerals Stores food Tap Root Fibrous Root

Fibrous Roots

LEAVES Site for photosynthesis Takes in CO2 Transpiration #1 Blade #2 Petiole #3 Simple leaf #4 Compound Leaf #5 Parallel veins #6 Branched veins #7 Lobed margin #8 Notched margin #9 Palmate Leaf #10 cuticle

DIVISION OF PLANTS Vascular Seed Seedless Monocots Dicots Nonvascular Vascular Seed Seedless Angiosperms Gymnosperms Ferns Conifers Monocots Dicots

SEEDLESS PLANTS Use spores Oldest plants (335 million y/o) Ferns

SEED PLANTS Use seeds 2 main types Gymnosperms Angiosperms

GYMNOSPERMS Seed is contained in a cone Called “conifers” meaning cone bearing Needle-like, green, waxy leaves Color stays green all year (thus evergreens) Used a lot for building materials

ANGIOSPERMS Has a flower and the seed is contained in the fruit The ovary of a plant is the fruit 2 types Monocots Dicots

MONOCOTS # of Cotyledons 1 Venation Parallel Bundle Arrangement Examples: Lily, corn, onion, wheat, rice # of Cotyledons 1 Venation Parallel Bundle Arrangement Scattered Root Type fibrous Flower Symmetry 3

DICOTS # of Cotyledons 2 Venation branched Bundle Arrangement bundled Examples: maple tree, cactus, carrot, dandelion # of Cotyledons 2 Venation branched Bundle Arrangement bundled Root Type tap Flower Symmetry 4,5

What should I grow? Annual Perennial Lives for only one year Lives for several years

Fruit or Vegetable

Flower Diagram Pollen Stamen Ovules