AKS 42 Civil Rights

Question # 1: What precedent was set by the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson?

Answer to Question # 1: - The Supreme Court determined that segregation was legal as long as the facilities were “equal”

Question # 2: How did the Jim Crow Laws impact African Americans throughout the South?

Answer to Question # 2: African Americans throughout the South were treated as second class citizens.

Question # 3: What court case overturned the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?

Answer to Question # 3: Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 officially ended segregation in schools

Question # 4: Which school district was the first to integrate in the state of Georgia?

Answer to Question # 4: Atlanta Public Schools in 1961

Question # 5: What was Georgia’s initial reaction to Brown v. Board of Education?

Answer to Question # 5: The General Assembly voted to cut off state funds to any schools that desegregated The governor pledged not to integrate the state’s schools The Sibley Commission traveled throughout the state encouraging the peaceful desegregation of schools

Question # 6: Why was the 1956 state flag of Georgia such a controversial issue?

Answer to Question # 6: The 1956 GA state flag included the Rebel Battle Flag which was used by the KKK and other hate groups. The General Assembly changed the flag to include this to protest the federal govt.’s ruling to desegregate public schools Many people were outraged that they would use a symbol for slavery and hatred on the state flag.

Question # 7: What was the impact of the Freedom Riders?

Answer to Question # 7: They were very resilient in the face of adversity and responded to violence by remaining peaceful They helped to bring national attention to segregation in public transportation

Question # 8: What role did the Sibley Commission play in desegregating schools in Georgia?

Answer to Question # 8: The commission essentially did nothing as they recommended that each county school system decide for themselves whether to integrate or not. Stall tactic to show the federal govt. that Georgia was trying to integrate schools

Question # 9: What was the Albany Movement? Was this movement ultimately successful? Why or why not?

Answer to Question # 9: The goal was to integrate interstate bus station waiting rooms in Albany Led by SNCC Members Failed due to too many agendas and too many cooks in the kitchen (SNCC, SCLC, CORE and other groups stepped in and all had different goals)

Question # 10: What was the March on Washington and what famous speech was delivered at this event?

Answer to Question # 10: It was a gathering of 250,000 people in Washington D.C. to protest for jobs and freedom for African Americans MLK gave his famous “I have a dream” speech at this event

Question # 11: Describe the impact that the March on Washington had on the Civil Rights Movement:

Answer to Question # 11: It was a nationally televised event, which gained so much momentum that the federal govt. could no longer ignore the issue of segregation

Question # 12: Part A: What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964? Part B: How was the federal government able to ensure states would comply?

Answer to Question # 12: Federal law that makes segregation of public facilities illegal (restaurants, theaters, parks, hotels, etc.). The Act threatened to take federal funds from states if they did not comply

Question # 13: What was the Voting Act of 1965?

Answer to Question # 13: Ensured that black voters would not be disenfranchised for any reason.

John Lewis: Tactics: Group he led: Famous for:

John Lewis: Tactics: Used non-violence to fight segregation. Group he led: SNCC Famous for: Black representative in the HoR serving from 1987- present.

MLK: Tactics: Teachings he followed: Group he led: Famous for:

MLK: Tactics: Non-violence Teachings he followed: Gandhi Group he led: SCLC Famous for: Gave famous “I have a dream” speech at the March on Washington; Montgomery Bus Boycotts, Albany Movement, etc.

MLK: Background Info: Was from Atlanta and went to Morehouse College Impact on Civil Rights: Leader of Civil Rights Movement who used nonviolence (sit-ins, boycotts, etc.) to fight segregation - Gave famous “I have a dream” speech at the March on Washington

Lester Maddox: Government Position: Former Occupation: Stance on Integration:

Lester Maddox: Government Position: Governor of Georgia (1967-71) Former Occupation: Restaurant Owner Stance on Integration: Last known segregationist governor of GA

Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC): Led by: Tactics Used (provide examples):

Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC): Led by: John Lewis Tactics Used (provide examples): Sit-Ins, Boycotts, Peaceful Protests

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC): Led by: Tactics Used (provide examples):

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC): Led by: Martin Luther King, Jr. and other ministers Tactics Used (provide examples): Sit-Ins, Boycotts, Peaceful Protests