Nominative and Accusative Case Review Sept. 4, 2012

Case uses!

Subjects and Predicates In Latin, the subject is always in the NOMINATIVE case. (-a or –ae on the 1st declension chart) Puellae aquam portant. The girls carry water. Italia est paeninsula. Italy is a peninsula.

Subjects and Predicates The nominative case is also used for something called a PREDICATE NOMINATIVE. PREDICATE NOMINATIVE is a fancy term for a noun that follows a linking verb. A linking verb works like an “=“ sign: is, are, seem…

Nouns and Adjectives Remember that nouns and adjectives must agree in GENDER, NUMBER, and CASE. Adjectives can be declined with 2nd declension endings to modify masculine nouns. parva puella: the little girl parvus equus: the little horse servus bonus: the good slave servi boni: the good slaves agricola bonus: the good farmer

Adjective practice Complete each sentence with the correct endings. Bon____ est equus. Carri magn____ sunt. Ubi sunt viae long____? Servus equum mal____ non amat. Terra erat dur____. us i ae um a

Finding Direct Objects A direct object follows an ACTION verb (not a linking verb like “is” and “are”). The direct object is the noun that receives the action of the verb. The girl pets the cat. (Ask: what does the girl pet?) Direct object: CAT The boy feeds the dog. (Ask: what does the boy feed?) Direct object: DOG

What we can learn about the Accusative! The accusative case ending is used for direct objects. Direct objects usually come at the end of an English sentence…but in Latin, they’re usually in the middle. Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse. Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water.

Finding Direct Objects The choir sang a song. Subject----choir Direct object----song The paramedic drove the ambulance. Subject---paramedic Direct object---ambulance The girls like the forest. Subject----girls Direct object----forest

Accusative Direct Objects The girls like the forest. What is the subject? Girls Girls=Subject Subject=Nominative Girls=Nominative What is the direct object? Forest Forest=direct object Direct Object=accusative Forest=accusative Puellae silvam amant. Case Singular Plural Nominative a ae Genitive ae arum Dative ae is Accusative am as Ablative a is

Practicing Accusative Direct Objects Case Singular Plural Nominative a ae Genitive ae arum Dative ae is Accusative am as Ablative a is The girls like water. Puellae aqu__ amant. The families carry water. Familiae aqu__ portant. The girls like the roads. Puellae vi__ amant. The families carry the girls. Familiae puell__ portant. am am as as