Boy! What a little cell can do! The Cell and it’s Parts! Boy! What a little cell can do! http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/ SMP - LE 2013 notes

Why study cells? Cells  Tissues  Organs  organ systems  organism bodies are made up of cells cells do all the work of life! SMP - LE 2013 notes

The Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things New cells are produced from existing cells SMP - LE 2013 notes

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Have cell membrane Have cytoplasm DNA is free floating in cytoplasm NO NUCLEUS Bacteria! Eukaryotes Have cell membrane Have cytoplasm DNA is contained IN NUCLEUS Have organelles Specialized structures with specific functions SMP - LE 2013 notes

Cells have 3 Main Jobs ATP 1. Making energy to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must… take in nutrients, oxygen (O2) make ATP remove waste (carbon dioxide) ATP SMP - LE 2013 notes

Our organelles do all these jobs! 2. Make proteins proteins do all the work in a cell, so we need lots of them 3. Make more cells for growth to replace damaged or diseased cells Our organelles do all these jobs! SMP - LE 2013 notes

CELL ORGANELLES Tiny membrane-bound structures that perform special functions inside the cell VIDEO: http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cellstructures/ SMP - LE 2013 notes

Controls movement in and out of cell Cell Membrane: Functions: Controls movement in and out of cell Receives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs) Found in: All cells Cytoplasm: Function: Site of chemical reactions Contained by cell membrane Cell Wall Provides support Plants and Fungi Surrounds cell membrane SMP - LE 2013 notes

Nucleus Function: Center of nucleus Site of ribosome synthesis Contains DNA (chromatin) “Control center” of cell Surrounded by Nuclear membrane Nucleolus: Center of nucleus Site of ribosome synthesis Found in: All eukaryotic cells SMP - LE 2013 notes

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Ribosomes Function: Site of protein synthesis “Little dots” Found in: All eukaryotic cells Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Assembly of cell parts and transport “Smooth” has no ribosomes “Rough” has ribosomes on surface SMP - LE 2013 notes

Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Function: Found in: Proteins are packaged and shipped here Found in: All eukaryotic cells Lysosomes Contain enzymes that break down things Heterotrophic cells SMP - LE 2013 notes

Mitochondria Vacuole Function: Found in: Site of cellular respiration Releasing energy from food “Powerhouse” of cell Found in: All eukaryotic cells Vacuole Empty space used for storage Much LARGER in plant cells…WHY? Need to store water and starch SMP - LE 2013 notes

Site of photosynthesis Chloroplast Function: Site of photosynthesis Uses sun’s energy and water to make food (glucose)! Found in: Autotrophs (Plant cells, and some Protists) SMP - LE 2013 notes

Eukaryotic Cells include Plant and Animal Cells ANIMAL CELL STRUCTURE SMP - LE 2013 notes

Let’s compare Animal and Plant cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, ER, Golgi Lysosomes Small Vacuoles Centrioles Round shape Cell Wall Chloroplasts Large Vacuole Rectangular shape SMP - LE 2013 notes

Diversity of Cellular Life Unicellular vs. Multicellular Organisms Let’s watch a VIDEO: http:// www.brainpop.com/health/geneticsgrowthanddevelopment/cellspecialization/ (2:01) SMP - LE 2013 notes

1. Unicellular Organisms - The cell IS the organism They grow, reproduce, respond to environment, and maintain homeostasis Colonial Organisms: “Live” together, but have no specialization Ex. Protists and Bacteria SMP - LE 2013 notes

2. Multicellular Organisms Made of many cells Cell specialization: Cells are specialized to perform specific functions Cells of same type work together Ex. Red blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, etc…. SMP - LE 2013 notes

Let’s compare unicellular to multicellular organisms! Nucleus Cell Membrane Lysosome Multicellular Nervous system Skin; Respiratory Digestive system SMP - LE 2013 notes

Closer look at cell specialization Red blood cells are designed to carry oxygen Nerve cells are designed to carry impulses Muscle cells are designed to promote movement SMP - LE 2013 notes

Multicellular Organization Organ Systems (Digestive) Organ (Stomach) Tissue (Smooth muscle Tissue) Specialized cells (Muscle cell) SMP - LE 2013 notes

Practice Can you explain the levels of organization involved in touch: Nerve cells (specialized cells) Brain tissue (tissue) Brain (organ) Nervous system (organ system) SMP - LE 2013 notes

Cell videos for review Cell organelle song recap (3:10) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg Cell review Lesson http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4L_QO4WKtM Cell Rap song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8 SMP - LE 2013 notes

THE END SMP - LE 2013 notes