1. Cell Structure

2. Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
All cells come from pre-existing cells

3. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes: do not have membrane bound organelles or a nucleus, all are unicellular
Ex: bacteria
Eukaryotes: have membrane bound organelles and a nucleus, may be either unicellular or multicellular

4. Cell Membrane
Regulates what enters & leaves the cell. Protects & supports the cell.
Located around the outside of the cell.
Made of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins and carbs.

5. Cell Wall Protects and gives structure to the cell.
Located outside the cell membrane.
Found in bacteria, fungi, and plants.

6. Nucleus
Information center of the cell. Contains DNA (chromatin), directs cellular activities.

7. Cytoplasm Encases, cushions and protects the internal organelles
Located between the nucleus and cell membrane.

8. Mitochondria
Makes energy for the cell.

9. Chloroplast Makes sugar from sunlight
Found in plants, some protists, and some bacteria

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Manufactures and transports materials.
Smooth ER- walls are smooth, involved in lipid synthesis
Rough ER – ribosomes are stuck to its walls. Involved in protein synthesis.

11. Ribosomes Makes proteins Composed of RNA and protein
Some are attached to parts of the ER, some are free in the cytoplasm

12. Golgi Apparatus
Collect, modify, package, and distribute molecules (such as lipids and proteins from ER).

13. Lysosomes
Have enzymes that digest materials in the cell (food, foreign material, waste)
Usually NOT found in plants.

14. Vesicle
Membrane bound sac that transports materials in and out of the cell.

15. Vacuoles Store water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Much larger in plants cells than animal cells.

16. Centrioles
Involved in cell division.

17. Cytoskeleton Framework in the cell
Made of microfilaments (movement) and microtubules (structural support)