Our Country’s Neighbor CANADA Our Country’s Neighbor

North America Continent stretches from Canada to Panama 3rd largest continent in area 4th largest continent in population

Canada 60’ N - 95’ W 2nd largest country (area) in the world Population – about 36 million (37th in world) Split up into 10 provinces and 3 territories Province – political division of land (like a U.S. state)

Provinces Alberta, British Columbia (B.C), Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan

Territories Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory, Nunavut (1999 from NWT) Inuit- “Our Land” Gov’t has a little more control over terr

Canada’s land 1/3 of land is barren, Arctic land Canadian Shield World’s longest coastline More lakes than any other country Great Lakes – freshwater lakes on the Canada, U.S. border

Atlantic provinces Consist of Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia & New Brunswick Location makes this region ideal for maritime industry – activity or industry related to the sea

Economy of the Atlantic provinces Economy - way in which people produce, sell, and buy goods and services Dependent on fishing Region is home to 75% of nation’s fishing

Ontario & quebec Two largest provinces With 2 largest cities: Toronto and Montreal Represent the blending of English and French culture Canada is a bilingual nation – two official languages (English and French)

Language: English 59% French 23% Anglophone – English speaking English and French are the Official Language Anglophone – English speaking Francophone – French Speaking 99% of the population is literate (people 15 and older can read and write) What does literacy tell us?

ontario Home to about 1/3 of Canada’s population (southern part of province) Canada’s largest city, Toronto, is located here

National capital - ottawa Ottawa, Ontario is Canada’s national capital Canada’s head of government is the Prime Minister Justin Tredeau (currently) Government is a mix of U.S. and British models

Quebec’s french culture Province is the center of French- Canadian culture Quebec has held elections to vote for Quebec’s independence, but they still remain part of Canada

Quiet Revolution Started in the 1960’s Better jobs, equality Similar to civil rights in U.S. Better jobs, equality Peaceful, sort of… Centered in Quebec Initiated by Francophone citizens

St Lawrence Seaway/Great lakes One of N. America’s most important transportation routes. Total drop of 250 ft from Lake superior to St. Lawrence river 16 Locks

Prairie provinces Include Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta ¾ of Canada’s farmland is located in this region Interior Plains Region

Canada’s “breadbasket” Wheat is the major crop of this region Saskatchewan and Manitoba both border our state Similar to N.D., this land lies on the largest prairie in the world

British columbia Often referred to as the “Gateway to the Pacific” because of its location and ties to Asian nations More than half of the province is covered by forests Rocky Mt. Region

Clear Cutting – cutting all trees in an area

The northern territories Include Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut Most of the land is tundra – region where temperatures are always cold and only certain plants can grow

People of the northern territories Home to less than 1% of Canada’s total population Region is home to a large number of indigenous people – people who are descendants of those who first lived in a region

Economy Market-oriented / Capitalism Interdependent with US Much like US Interdependent with US relies on others to function In 1994 Canada, US, and Mexico created NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement. Encourages trade in all 3 countries Eliminates Taxes on Import/export

Economy Exports account for roughly a third of GDP GDP- Gross Domestic Product - total value of goods and services made within the country Gross (Total) Domestic (Home) Product (Goods and services) Most Export comes to US more than 85% of Canadian export

Canada’s history Great Britain and France both fought for control of Canada Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years War (French and Indian War)- 1754 Treaty of Paris gave land to Britain 1867 – Canada gained its independence from the British. British North American Act Dominion – Self governing area

New Country In 1982, the British North American Act was replaced by a constitution This gave Canada the right to ratify their constitution without Britain’s help Canada was an independent nation Parliamentary Democracy

Identity Have struggled to identify themselves Not American Can have strong bias against Americans Joe Canada http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnpVH7kI b_8&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode =1&safe=active Hockey Not a sport….

Tom brokaw’s report on canada