Good morning. If you did not read the articles last night, do that now Good morning! If you did not read the articles last night, do that now. Take out a piece of paper for quick notes

Core / Periphery Division of the World The world can be perceived as having a core / periphery relationship where core countries are characterized by high levels of development, a capacity at innovation and a convergence of trade flows. The core has a level of dominance over the periphery which is reflected in trade and transportation. But….the periphery is dependent on the core…a “world system” in a way 

Europe N. America Australia New Zealand Japan S. Korea Israel India China Iran Brazil Mexico Argentina Africa Russia SW Asia E. Europe SE Asia

Is this map accurate?

Ever Heard the Term “Third World Country?” What does it mean? What do the following have in common? Hunting/gathering, nomadic herding, mining, fishing, forestry, agriculture Harvest/extract products from the earth = Primary sector jobs (3%) (jobs I wouldn’t want) “Third World,” “Underdeveloped,”less developed”, “Periphery – moving into …….”

More Types of Jobs What do the following have in common? Construction, shipbuilding, automobile production, textile production, breweries and bottlers, energy producers Manufactures finished products = Secondary Sector jobs (17%) “Industrial” , “NIC” or “Semi-Periphery” or “Developing,” (BRIC countries)

And finally… Waiting tables, entertainment (movies, music, etc.), TOURISM, sales, health care, law enforcement, prostitution (informal vs. formal economy) Provide some sort of service = Service Sector jobs “First World,” “Post-Industrial,” or “Core”… U.S. = ~80% of the jobs in the service sector Service (Tertiary) Sector has TWO sub groups: Quaternary – Economic activity involving the collection, processing, and distribution of information Quinary - Economic activity involving the highest levels of decision making in a society or economy.

Primary activities The extraction of natural resources: http://www.cityseed.org/images/f-WLAflyerbackcrop.jpg

Secondary activities Processing and manufacturing of materials U.S. Manufacturing Belt Impact of Globalization

Tertiary activities Sales, exchange, trading goods and services U.S. stock exchange http://www.telegraph.co.uk/telegraph/multimedia/archive/00627/news-graphics-2006-_627785a.jpg Call Center in India

Quaternary activities Processing knowledge and information New York Public Library

Quinary activities Economic activity involving the highest levels of decision making in a society or economy.

Key Issue 2: Where has the world’s population increased?

Crude means: looking at society as a whole!

Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people Births in a year/1000 people

Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people Deaths in a year/1000 people

Natural Increase: The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Natural Increase Rate: subtract CDR from CBR (CBR – CDR or NI/Population x 100) after converting to a % (does not include migration)

Rate of Natural Increase USA Population NIR 0.4% Serbia’s Population NIR -0.5% Gambia’s Population NIR 3.1% What do these numbers imply?

Doubling Time The number of years it would take a country to double their population The higher the birth rate, the lower the doubling time

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Palestinian Territories Fertility Rate 1975-1980 7.39 1980-1985 7.00 1985-1990 6.43 1990-1995 6.46 1995-2000 5.99 2000-2005 5.57 Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Amount of children a women will have on average during her child bearing years. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) The annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births. Its is expressed as the annual number of deaths among infants among infants per 1000 births rather than a percentage. This is important because it tell how developed a country is, if they have a high IMR they are most likely an LDC and if it is low they are likely an MDC.  High infant mortality tends to result in higher fertility rates as families seek “insurance” for the loss of children. U.K. Total fertility rate 1975-1980 1.72 1980-1985 1.80 1985-1990 1.81 1990-1995 1.78 1995-2000 1.70 2000-2005 1.66 Africa Fertility Rate 1975-1980 6.60 1980-1985 6.45 1985-1990 6.11 1990-1995 5.67 1995-2000 5.26 2000-2005 4.97

Infant Mortality

Population Characteristics Life Expectancy : The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life Expectancy at Birth in 2013 Men Women US 76 81 Japan 79 86 Nepal 66 69 Kenya 56 62 Swaziland 49 48

Life Expectancy : The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.

People in Paradox video