1. Culture Unit: Pairs with Ch. 4 of Textbook
Population Notes
Culture Unit: Pairs with Ch. 4 of Textbook

2. Population Concentrations
Two-thirds of the world’s inhabitants are clustered in 4 regions – East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe
Similarities between these regions: most people live near oceans or rivers, low-lying areas with fertile soil & temperate climates

3. Population Concentrations
East Asia
Almost 25% of world’s pop lives here
5/6 of people live in PRC (People’s Republic of China). Half of its people live in rural areas and work as farmer’s.
Japan & South Korea: 40% of people live in three large metropolitan areas – Tokyo, Osaka, & Seoul. 75% of their pop live in urban areas & work industrial or service jobs
South Asia
Almost 25% of world’s pop
Includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, & Sri Lanka
India contains more than ¾ of South Asia’s population
Most people are farmers in rural areas
Only ¼ of total population lives in urban areas

4. Population Concentrations
Southeast Asia
Islands including Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Papua New Guinea, & the Philippines
Largest concentration is on Java (in Indonesia)
Europe
Includes the European portion of Russia
1/9 of the world’s people live here
¾ of Europe’s inhabitants live in cities. Less than 10% are farmers.
Other Clusters
Largest pop cluster in W. Hemisphere is NE United States & SE Canada – runs along Atlantic Coast
West Africa

5. 66%

6. World Population Cartogram
Cartogram: depicts the size of countries according to population rather than land area
Fig. 2-1: This cartogram displays countries by the size of their population rather than their land area. (Only countries with 50 million or more people are named.)

7. Population Concentrations
Sparsely Populated Regions
Dry, cold, wet, or high lands

8. Population Density
Population Density: the number of people living on a square mile or square kilometer of land
Determined by dividing total population by its total land area

9. Natural Increase
Crude Birth Rate (CBR): total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive
A CBR of 20 means that for every 1,000 people in a country, 20 babies are born over a 1-year period
Crude Death Rate (CDR): total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive
Natural Increase Rate (NIR): percentage by which a population grow in a year
Computed by subtracting CDR from CBR, after first converting from numbers per 1,000 to percentages
If CBR = 20 and CDR = 5, the NIR is 15 per 1,000 OR 1.5%
NIR excludes migration
NIR Practice
CBR = 30
CDR = 10

10. Natural Increase Rates
Fig. 2-7: The natural increase rate (NIR) is the percentage growth or decline in the population of a country per year (not including net migration). Countries in Africa and Southwest Asia have the highest current rates, while Russia and some European countries have negative rates.

11. Crude Birth Rates
Fig. 2-8: The crude birth rate (CBR) is the total number of births in a country per 1000 population per year. The lowest rates are in Europe, and the highest rates are in Africa and several Asian countries.

12. Total Fertility Rates
Fig. 2-9: The Total fertility rate (TFR) is the number of children an average woman in a society will have through her childbearing years. The lowest rates are in Europe, and the highest are in Africa and parts of the Middle East.

13. Infant Mortality Rates
Fig. 2-10: The infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths per 1000 live births per year. The highest infant mortality rates are found in some of the poorest countries of Africa and Asia.

14. Life Expectancy at birth
Fig. 2-11: Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live. The highest life expectancies are generally in the wealthiest countries, and the lowest in the poorest countries.

15. Crude Death Rates
Fig. 2-12: The crude death rate (CDR) is the total number of deaths in a country per 1000 population per year. Because wealthy countries are in a late stage of the Demographic Transition, they often have a higher CDR than poorer countries.

16. Literacy Rate Percent of people that can read & write
Shows level of development in a country

17. Population Pyramids Shows distribution of population by age & gender
Demographic Transition: 4 Stages
Low growth
High growth
Seen in less developed or developing countries
Moderate growth
Seen in transitional countries
Seen in developed countries

19. Population Pyramids in U.S. cities

20. Rapid Growth in Cape Verde
Fig. 2-17: Cape Verde, which entered stage 2 of the demographic transition in about 1950, is experiencing rapid population growth. Its population history reflects the impacts of famines and out-migration.

21. Moderate Growth in Chile
Fig. 2-18: Chile entered stage 2 of the demographic transition in the 1930s, and it entered stage 3 in the 1960s.

22. Low Growth in Denmark
Fig. 2-19: Denmark has been in stage 4 of the demographic transition since the 1970s, with little population growth since then. Its population pyramid shows increasing numbers of elderly and few children.

23. What type of Country is this?
Birthrate – 54 per 1000
Literacy Rate – 26/10
Life Exp – 45/46
Per Capita income – $800
What type of Country is this?

24. Developing
Niger

25. What about this country
Infant Mortality - 4 of 1000
Literacy Rate – 99/99
Life Exp – 78/85
Per Cap income – $28,000
What about this country

26. Developed
Japan

27. What about this country?
Literacy Rate – 86/87
Life Exp – 67/75
Per Cap income – $7,600
Fertility Rate – 3.5 per female
What about this country?

28. Transitional
Brazil

29. Overpopulation & Population Decline
What are the problems associated with overpopulation?
Strain on food supply
Overcrowding in cities
Declining Birthrate
Reasons: family planning, mandates by government
Problem in some European countries
Italy offer incentives to people in their country to have kids