Chapter 15 Section 4

Divisions Over the War South – not everyone supported succession, regions with large slaveholding plantations supported it more and poor regions without slaves less. North – many opposed the Emancipation, some thought the South had a right to succeed and Lincoln forced them into a war

The Peace Movement: Copperheads Clement Vallandigham was a Democrat and the leader of the Copperhead movement. He was a Representative of Ohio in Congress.

1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster The name Copperhead was given to Northern Democrats because they were poisonous to the Northern cause.

Cartoon Lampoons Democratic Copperheads in 1864

Dealing With Disruptions Desertion was encouraged by some people in both the North and the South. In order to deal with people who were not for the war, Lincoln and Davis both suspended people’s habeas corpus What is a habeas corpus? http://www.biography.com/people/jefferson-davis-9267899

The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

Draft Laws Both sides issued a draft: South – April 1862 for all white men 18-35 in age for three years (later 17-50 years old) North – 1863 for men age 20-45

Exceptions to the Draft People with money in both the North and the South could buy their way out!! Man who owns 20 slaves for the South $300 to the government in the North “a poor man’s fight” Led to riots

Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

The War and Economic Strains Northern economy struggled to keep enough workers on the job in most industries because of the draft North issued the first income tax to help pay for the war North began printing currency ($400,000,000) which caused massive inflation in the North If we consider inflation that is nearly $6.4 billion in today’s money!!

Economy in the South Blockade prevented the South from selling goods and making money with people overseas This caused major inflation! Food production fell sharply, which led to food shortages for civilians, soldiers, and especially slaves

Women in the Civil War Some women from both sides disguised themselves as men and served in the armies of the North and South Others worked as spies Many were forced to pick up the slack in business, farming, and plantations while the men were off to fight New opportunities in education and nursing came about because of this war for women!

Women in the Civil War cont. Elizabeth Blackwell – America’s first trained physician Dorothea Dix – Head of Union Army Nurses Harriet Tubman – Union nurse Clara Barton – Nurse during the war (Helps set up American Red Cross after the war)