Containment Containment – not allow Communism to spread Truman Doctrine – military support and aid to stop spread of Communism Marshall Plan – economic support ($$$$$) to stop spread of Communism Truman struggles with containment Successes (when did it work) Failures (when did it fail) Berlin – airlift to supply cut off city till Soviets give in Korea – Don’t allow communist to take over S. Korea Greece - Greek guerilla try to topple Greek government – pledge 400 million (Truman doctrine) Turkey–soviets want control of Dardanelles strait – pledge 400 million (Truman Doctrine) Iran – Force soviet withdrawal from Iranian pipe lines China – Mao Zedong (communist) overthrows Chaing Kai Shek Korea – North Korea lost to Communism Eastern Europe – satellite nations created by USSR

New Look 3 phases of “New look”: no large expensive army, prepare to use atomic bomb Massive Retaliation: threat of nuclear bomb Brinkmanship: willingness to go to edge of war to get others to back down (Play chicken) Covert operations: hidden CIA Effectiveness of Eisenhower Foreign Policy . . . Successes (when did it work) Failures (when did it fail) Cut billions in spending on Army B52, ICBM Korean War – July 1953 Chinese back down in Taiwan Iran & Guatemala covert overthrow anti-American government Suez Crisis- Egypt seize control of canal Brit & France invade under US pressure, Egypt accept soviet aide Broadcast Khrushchev secret speech Hungry revolt, soviets crush Cause more fear of capitalism by Communist Captured spy plan in Russia, break down soviet talks

Fair Deal Truman was best known for dropping Atomic Bomb Election of 1948 What new political parties formed? Why? Progressive party – Truman not liberal enough Dixiecrats – against Truman Civil Right agenda Truman (D) V Dewey (R) How did Truman win? Called Congress “Do-nothing”, didn’t help Americans

Truman struggles against Republican Congress Successes Raise minimum wage from 40 cents to 75 cents Expanded Social Security National Housing Act – 800,000 in low income housing Failures No National health care No subsidies for farmers No federal aid to schools Oppose civil rights legislation

Dynamic Conservative Eisenhower best known for being WWII general Election of 1952 Who was his Vice President? Richard Nixon What was the deal with the checkers speech? Accused of taking funds, said all money went to campaign but did receive Dog (checkers) and they were going to keep it

Eisenhower tried to balance economic conservatism with activism Conservative End government price and rent control Curb federal budget Veto bill for school construction slash low income housing Moderate tax reductions Decrease aid to New Deal (TN valley authority) Abolish Reconstruction Finance Corp Activism Federal Highway Act (largest public works) Great lakes-St Lawrence Seaway to connect Great Lakes to Atlantic Ocean Expand Social Security Increase unemployment compensation Raise minimum wage from 75 cents to $1