1. USH 15:4 Eisenhower’s Cold War Policies
34th President: Dwight D. Eisenhower ( )
Republican
Military hero from WWII
Too costly to contain communism through small wars
“Massive retaliation”
Stop spread of communism through threat of massive nuclear strike
Reduced size of army
Increased nuclear arsenal from 1,000 bombs to 18,000 (‘53-’61)

2. 15:4 Brinksmanship
Eisenhower's critics called his policies “brinksmanship”
Willingness to go to brink of war to force other side to back down
Policy supported by Sec’y of State John Foster Dulles

3. 15:4 The Taiwan Crisis (1954)
Chinese nationalists still controlled Taiwan
Communists in China begin shelling Taiwan to ‘liberate’ country
Eisenhower sees Taiwan a “buffer” against spread of communism
Sends naval forces to region
Threatens use of nuclear weapons if China invaded Taiwan
Chinese back down

4. 15:4 Korean War Ends Eisenhower felt Korean War was too expensive
Hinted to Chinese U.S. may use nuclear option
Chinese back down
July, 1953, armistice signed between the two countries
No peace treaty has officially ended the war
U.S. troops still in South Korea today

5. 15:4 The Suez Crisis
U.S. goal: prevent Arab nations from aligning with Soviet Union
Egyptian army takes Suez Canal
British and French troops invade Egypt (1956)
Russia threatens attacks on British and French cities
Eisenhower:
Threatened nuclear force on Russia
Convinced France and Britain to call off invasion
Arab countries fall into Soviet sphere of influence

6. 15:4 Covert Operations CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
Undercover operations in developing nations
Nations with agricultural economies
Stop spread of communism
Many developing countries blamed capitalism and British imperialism on their backward status
Chose Soviet side in Cold War
CIA overthrew anti-U.S. govt’s

7. 15:4 The Eisenhower Doctrine
Pan-Arabism spreads in Middle East
The idea all Arab people should be united in one nation
Eisenhower fears Soviet influence
U.S. policy: send troops to Middle East countries resisting communist aggression
An extension of the Truman Doctrine to the Middle East