- Carbon Compounds 2:3

Carbon – Atomic number is 6…. A. Can forms up to 4 bonds with other elements or itself. 1. Can form straight, ringed, or branched chains.

B. Organic Compounds 1. All living things that contain the carbon element, are considered (ORGANIC). Exception – Carbon Dioxide does contain carbon and is a NON – LIVING thing. Inorganic – are NON-living things that do not contain carbon.

3. Functional groups – a cluster of atoms that influences or alters the chemical properties of the molecule they compose. It is common to see functional groups attached with or to a carbon backbone molecule.

A. Monomers – smaller units that join together forming larger molecules. B. Polymers - formed by 2 or more monomers linked together. C. Macromolecules – Giant molecules- polymerization, formed from the building of polymers.

Reactions Condensation reaction (dehydration)– in this type of reaction 2 monomers combine, losing 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom producing a water molecule. Hydrolysis reaction – occurs when polymers break apart splitting a water molecule, restoring the 2 hydrogen and one oxygen back on to the compound.

Made up of Adenosine and 3 phosphate, 5. Energy Currency – Is stored and released in the energy molecule known as ATP. A. ATP - Adenosine tri-phosphate Made up of Adenosine and 3 phosphate, A-P-P-P “Energy molecule” of the cell. B. Life processes requires energy. 1. Energy is available to all cells in the form ATP. Energy is released when a phosphate breaks off, forming Adenosine Di-phosphate, A – P – P (ADP)