Science – Day 5 Agenda Have out the following: TODAY’S OBJECTIVE: You will understand the classification of matter (elements, compounds, and mixtures). Pass in 11-1 Guided Notes to class bin (I will return to you) 11-1 Classifying Matter Review PPT As we review your notes from yesterday, highlight key concepts, correct any errors, and add important information as we go. Have out the following: Pen/pencil highlighter   HOMEWORK: Have a bag of gumdrops and toothpicks for tomorrow

Chapter 11 Lesson 1 – Classifying Matter

Understanding Matter Matter - is anything that has mass and takes up space. Everything you see (and somethings you can’t see) is made up of matter. Ex: Air is matter but you cannot see it. Things that are NOT matter: Sound and Light  

2 Main Classifications of Matter: Substances Mixtures  1. Substance – matter with a composition that is always the same. There are 2 types of Substances: Elements Compounds a. Elements – a substance that consist of just one type of atom. There are 118 known elements – found on the Periodic Table of Elements. Each atom of an element contains a different number of protons. (atomic #) Example: Aluminum (Al) has 13 protons = atomic # 13

Most elements exist as a single atom: Examples: Aluminum Atom Iron Atom Some elements exist in groups of atoms Example: Oxygen O2 Oxygen molecule – it is an element because it is only made up of one type of atom. Al Fe O O

Compounds – a type of substance containing atoms of two or more different elements chemically bonded together. Examples: H2O (Water) CO2 – Carbon Dioxide In a compound the atoms are always combined the same way = substance. Chemical Formula – shows how the atoms combine. A shorthand way of writing a compounds name. CO2 Small 2 is called a subscript and tells us the number of atoms for that element. Carbon Atoms (1) Oxygen Atoms (2)

Example: Carbon is a black solid. Properties of Compounds A compound often has different properties from the individual elements that make it up. Example: Carbon is a black solid. Oxygen is a clear gas that is flammable. These two elements combine to produce CO2 which is a gas used to put out fires.  

We can separate mixtures different ways: Sorting chromatography Mixture is matter that can vary in composition. Two or more substances that are physically blended (not chemically combined). We can separate mixtures different ways: Sorting chromatography Filtering evaporation   Filtering Evaporation

2 Types of Mixtures: Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture   – type of mixture in which the individual substances are not evenly mixed. - 2 samples of the same mixture can have different amount of substances. Example: A handful of trail mix One handful will not have the same number of peanuts, raisins, M&M’s as the next.

type of mixture in which the individual substances are evenly mixed. 2. Homogeneous Mixture type of mixture in which the individual substances are evenly mixed. particles of individual substances are so small and well-mixed, that they are not visible. Example: Ocean Water, Lemonade   A homogenous mixture can also be known as a solution (when one substance dissolves in another). Solvent – substance that does the dissolving (ie: water) Solvent – substance that dissolves (ie: lemonade crystals) 2 samples of the same solution will have the same amount of each substance.

Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture

Elements, Compound, Mixture Model Activity = hydrogen (H) = chlorine (Cl) = sodium (Na) = carbon (C) = oxygen (O) 1. Using the handout – create the models and place them on your sheet in the appropriate squares. The toothpicks represent a molecular bond between the atoms. We will do a sample together first. At the bottom of each sheet create a color coded KEY identifying each colored gumdrop and the atom it represents. DO NOT eat any gumdrops until the models are done and I have met with your group. 4. After all of the models are created I will take a picture of your assessment models.

Video Review – Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures https://youtu.be/Tm-M4OFSaCU