1. January 7, 2014 Day 2 2- Science Starter: Vocabulary words Mixture
1. Please have these
Items on your desk.
Science Starters
Sheet AR
Book
Agenda
2- Science Starter:
Vocabulary words
Mixture
. Solution

2. Definitions
Mixture- Two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined.
Solution- A well-mixed mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout.

3. Page 93 1/7 Substance, Compounds, Mixture Notes
T.O.C Update
Page / Substance, Compounds, Mixture Notes

4. Substances, Compounds & Mixtures
How everything is put together.

5. Substances
Matter that has the same composition and properties throughout is called a substance.
When different elements combine, other substances are formed.

6. Substances Continued Contains only one particle
Can exist in 3 states of matter
Can be elements or compounds
Picture from

7. Compounds
A compound is a substance whose smallest unit is made up of atoms of more than one element bonded together.
Compounds often have properties that are different from the elements that make them up.
Examples: Water, salt, sugar

8. Compounds Have Formulas
H20 is the chemical formula for water, and H2O2 is the formula for hydrogen peroxide.
The formula tells you which elements make up a compound as well as how many atoms of each element are present.

9. How to read a formula
H20
This is a subscript. It tells us how many atoms of that element exist in one unit of that compound.
Hydrogen is made of 2 H atoms and 1 O atom.
No subscript is used when only one atom of an element is present.

10. Let’s try it… Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2 2 Hydrogen
4 Oxygen
Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
2 Oxygen

11. And some more formulas…
Carbon Dioxide CO2
1 Carbon
2 Oxygen
Carbon Monoxide CO
1 Oxygen
Calcium Carbonate (Found in shells, eggshells, antacid) CaCO3
1 Calcium
3 Oxygen

12. Compound Review
 A pure compound has the same elements and the same amount of elements all of the time
Elements are chemically combined
Compound properties are different from the properties of the elements
They cannot be separated physically
Physical properties such as boiling point or melting point of pure substances are do not change

13. Predict the reactivity
The periodic table is organized by reactivity- elements ability to combine with other elements to form compounds.
Elements in the middle are not very reactive.
Elements on the left of the periodic table tend to react with elements on the right side.
Elements in Column 18 never react with other elements. They are the noble gases.

14. Carbon Lithium Chlorine
Atoms always want to have a complete outer shell.
Outer Valance: ____ _____ ____
How many to gain/
lose to fill out shell?____ _____ ____

15. Mixtures
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where there is no chemical combination or reaction.

16. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where there is no chemical combination or reaction.

17. Mixtures combine physically in no specific proportions. They just mix.

18. Solids, liquids and gases can be combined to create a mixture.

19. Mixture Types
MIXTURES MAY BE HOMOGENEOUS OR HETEROGENEOUS

20. Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures:
The prefix: "homo"- indicates the same
Have the same uniform appearance and composition throughout

21. Solutions
SOLUTIONS
are homogeneous mixtures

22. What is a solution? A solution is a mixture of two or more substances.
At least two substances must be mixed in order to have a solution

23. A solution has two parts
The substance in the smallest amount and the one that DISSOLVES is called the SOLUTE
The substance in the larger amount is called the SOLVENT - it does the dissolving
IN most common instances water is the solvent
                        

24. Examples of solutions
Salt water
Clean Air
Vinegar

25. Heterogeneous Mixtures:
The prefix: "hetero"- indicates difference
A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances or phases
Two or more parts can be seen

26. Examples:
Pizza
Sandwich
Chex Mix

27. Suspensions A SUSPENSION is a heterogeneous mixture of large particles
These particles are visible and will settle out on standing
Examples of suspensions are: fine sand or silt in water or Italian salad dressing

28. Compounds vs Mixtures Mixtures Compounds Not chemically combined
Combine chemically forming molecules
Can combine in any proportion
Combine in set proportions
Separated chemically
Separated physically