1. Physical Science Chapter 2
What is Matter?
Physical Science
Chapter 2

2. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space
All the materials you can hold or touch
Examples
You
This computer
The air you are breathing

3. Atom = smallest particle that has the properties of an element
Atoms are matter
Atom = smallest particle that has the properties of an element
Atoms make up elements

4. Elements
Element = a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
An example of an element is carbon
So, carbon is an element and elements are made of atoms

5. Elements Each element has a one or two letter symbol
Each are unique and behave differently
What element is shown here?

6. Compounds
Most substances exist on Earth and in the human body as compounds, not free elements
A compound is a substance made of more than one element bound together
Carbon = black
Oxygen = red
Hydrogen = white

7. + = Compound Properties
Specific compounds always combine in the same proportions
Every water molecule has 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen
Compounds have properties very different from their individual elements + =

8. Chemical Formulas
Contains the symbols for each element in a compound and the numbers for each atom of each element
H2O
CO2
CH4
NaCl

9. Pure Substances
Matter with a fixed composition and definite properties
Examples are atoms, elements, and compounds
Cannot be separated by physical actions

10. + + = Mixtures NOT PURE SUBSTANCES
Made of pure substances, but composition is not fixed
Can be separated by physical actions + + =

11. Types of Mixtures
Heterogeneous = substances are not uniformly mixed throughout, you can see the layers
Homogeneous = evenly mixed throughout
Layers are not visible
Also called a solution
Granite is a common and widely-occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock.
Granite primarily consists of orthoclase and plagioclase feldspars, quartz, hornblende, muscovite and/or biotite micas, and minor accessory minerals such as magnetite, garnet, zircon and apatite. Rarely, a pyroxene is present.

12. More Mixtures Gases can also mix with liquids
Gases are usually dissolved in water
Examples are carbonated drinks
Homogeneous mixtures (solutions)
Contain sugar, flavorings and carbon dioxide dissolved in water