First Crisis of the Cold War The Berlin blockade First Crisis of the Cold War

DIVISION OF GERMANY ___________ split Germany between them at end of WWII: Britain, France & USA agreed to ________________ their zones into West Germany USSR controlled East Germany Berlin was also divided into ________ zones even though it was in Soviet territory East Germany’s official name was German Democratic Republic, but it was a communist satellite state Western nations could only access Berlin along specified routes

BERLIN BLOCKADE CRISIS (1948) Began when western powers introduced a new _________________ in West Germany that Soviets refused to recognize in Berlin USSR then blockaded all routes into West __________ Allies considered abandoning West Berlin, but fears of _______________________ made them reconsider This was a very confrontational act by Stalin

BERLIN AIRLIFT The West airlifted all supplies into Berlin for ________ months Soviets abandoned their blockade & 2 governments were set up for _______________ Inspired creation of ____________ One plane landed in W. Germany every 2 minutes The airlift procedure was nicknamed the skytrain

BERLIN WALL (1961-1989) Built by East German government claiming it was trying to prevent “_________________ elements” from influencing its citizens Real purpose was to stop ______________ from East Berlin into West Berlin Torn down amidst anti-communist civil unrest that eventually led to the _____________________ of Germany in 1990 Unrelated to the Blockade Crisis, but highly symbolic of the democratic/communist divide in Germany Also symbolic of the Iron Curtain Claimed de-Nazification had not worked in West Germany and that Nazi factions were trying to prevent the establishment of a strong communist government in East Germany Consisted of guard towers, cement wall topped with barbed wire and other defences (called the “death strip”) on the Eastern side Once defectors reached West Berlin they could immigrate to any Western country The wall actually separated some families for decades

Crises of the Cold War Assignment Use pp. 139-142 in your textbook. Summarize the events of the Suez Crisis and write ID/Sigs for the following people: Gamal Abdel Nasser Lester Pearson Summarize the events of the Cuban Missile Crisis and write ID/Sigs for the following people: Nikita Khrushchev Fidel Castro John Kennedy John Diefenbaker