1. The Cold War
SOL 13A,B

2. Beginning of the Cold War
Competition between the US and the USSR laid the foundation for the Cold War
Yalta Conference, one of a few meetings to determine what to do with territories after WWII, led to Soviet control of Eastern Europe

3. Iron Curtain
Churchill called this separation in Europe an “iron curtain”.
In Eastern Europe, Soviet controlled governments ruthlessly eliminated all who opposed them.
US and USSR grew suspicious of each other. Democracy vs. Dictatorship
Pres. Truman continued US policy of containment.

4. Truman Doctrine
1947, Pres. Truman addressed congress stating that it must be the US policy to support those who are resisting take over attempts by outside forces or armed groups.

5. Germany
After WWII, Germany was divided. West Germany went to the allies, east to the Soviets.
The capital of Berlin was also split.
Stalin attempted to block supplies to west Berlin, but the Berlin Airlift kept the supplies coming. ( )

6. Berlin Airlift

7. NATO
In 1949, western powers formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), allowing military cooperation in case of a Soviet attack in Europe.
Soviets created the Warsaw Pact, to defend and increase military forces in Eastern Europe.

8. Cuban Missile Crisis
The reality of a nuclear war was never more frightening then in 1959.
Cuban revolutionary leader Fidel Castro took control of Cuba. He favored socialism and formed an alliance with the Soviet Union.
1962 Soviet leader Khrushchev deployed nuclear weapons to Cuba, Pres. Kennedy demanded them be withdrawn. US navy block ships, missiles removed.

9. Cuba

10. Berlin Wall
In 1961, East Germany built the Berlin wall to prevent people from fleeing to the west.
It became a symbol of the Cold War.
By the end of 1989, communist governments of Eastern Europe had fallen, in Nov. the wall was torn down and by 1990 Germany was reunified.

11. The Wall

12. The Soviets
In the 1980’s, the Soviet economic system began to fall apart. People wanted more rights.
Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet leader from , helped to reform the Soviet Union.
By 1990 the Cold War was over and by 1991 all Soviet states declared independence.