Power in Groups: A Central Dynamic Chapter 10 Power in Groups: A Central Dynamic

Introduction Power’s negative connotation Being completely powerless is not a virtue How can power be used productively and constructively in groups?

Power Defined Power is “the ability to influence the attainment of goals sought by yourself or others.” Power is group-centered No group member is completely powerless 3 forms of power Dominance – power over others Prevention – power from others Empowerment – enhancing others

Indicators of Power General Indicators Those who define others exercise control (e.g. attaching labels) Those whose decisions are followed Those who oppose significant change Verbal indicators (to appear less powerful) Hedges (e.g. “perhaps”) Hesitations (e.g. “um…”) Tag questions (e.g. “That’s the way we’ll do it, okay”) Disclaimers (e.g. “I’m sure you already know this, but...”) Excessive politeness

Indicators of Power Nonverbal Indicators The powerful tend to be less motivated by space norms The powerful tend to direct others on their postures and gestures, but rarely vice versa Adopting more powerful posture can make individuals feel more powerful Touch indicates power relationships in groups Eye contact is a power indicator

Power Resources Information Expertise Rewards and Punishments Personal Qualities and Skills Legitimate Authority