The Cold War SSUSH20- Analyze U.S. international and domestic policies including their influence on technological advancements and social changes during the Truman and Eisenhower administrations.

What started the cold war? After WWII, the Allies divided Europe for the purpose of rebuilding The U.S. was going to rebuild western Europe and West Germany The Soviet Union was going to rebuild eastern Europe and East Germany After a period of time, they were to demilitarize- the Soviet Union wouldn’t! This led to the start of the Cold War 1947-1991

The Cold War Under President Harry S. Truman Truman Doctrine- was a new US foreign policy approach and it was an expression of belief that communism would infiltrate areas of Europe that were left weakened by the war. This doctrine also issued a warning to the Soviet Union that the US would use any means necessary (including force) to stop the spread of communism. Containment- The idea behind containment was to keep communism from spreading while protecting the world. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was created as part of this.

The Cold War Under President Harry S. Truman Plan devised by Truman’s Secretary of State, George Marshall. It was a European Recovery Program to combat the negative economic impacts of WWII. First- it aimed to stop the spread of communism into Europe. Second- it was to create political democracy and free-market economies. There was $13.3 billion given to 22 European nations The Soviet Union kept Eastern European nations from receiving help

The Korean War Kim Il-Sung took it upon himself to wage a war in 1950 to reunite both North and South Korea and make it a whole communism nation. President Truman and the United Nations extended the policy of containment to the Korea. We launched a defense of South Korea and fighting lasted for 3 years. Fighting was stabilized along the 38th Parallel and an armistice was in place (no treaty was signed) After WWII, the US and Soviet Union agreed to do a joint- trusteeship of Korea, which had previously been under Japanese control. The US backed the right-wing leader, Syngman Rhee, and the Soviets backed the left-wing leader, Kim Il-Sung. These two leaders disagreed with the joint-trusteeship and started their own country.

What Results from the Cold War? Nuclear arms race Both the Soviets and the Americans develop the H-bomb, which is 1000x more powerful than the atom bomb. Space race Soviets launch Sputnik satellite into space and we develop a space program called NASA. By 1969, we put a man on the moon. Led to more emphasis on math and science in schools. Hot spots Fighting in Korea Cuba Vietnam War