1. The Cold War
Eastern Europe Unit

3. http://player. discoveryeducation. com/index. cfm

4. The Cold War I.
After WWII, much of Europe was in ruins. The total defeat of Germany, Italy, and Japan left a power gap that would be filled by two rivals-the United States and the Soviet Union.

5. The Ideological Struggle
II.
Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain”]
US & the Western Democracies
GOAL  “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world.
GOAL  spread world-wide Communism

6. The “Iron Curtain”

7. Marshall Plan [1948] III. “European Recovery Program.” Loan program
The U. S. should provide aid to all European nations that need it. This move is not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.
Goals:
Help rebuild Europe Secretary of State
Stop spread of communism George Marshall
Accomplishments:
Factories were rebuilt
Roads were repaired
Western European countries that were liberated by the U.S. and U.K. during WWII developed prosperous economies.

8. Truman Doctrine [1947]
IV.
Containment: a strategy to contain and prevent the spread of communism to neighboring countries.
Domino theory: if one country fell to communism, then each surrounding country would fall as well, like a row of dominoes.
3. States that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to aid in their fight against communism and the Soviet Union.

9. The Arms Race: A “Missile Gap?”
Now there were two nuclear superpowers!
Nuclear weapons use atomic reactions to release enormous power and can cause mass destruction.
The Soviet Union exploded its first A-bomb in 1949. x

10. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)
VI.
NATO was formed to respond to possible attacks by the Soviet Union
United States
Belgium
Britain
Canada
Denmark
France
Iceland
Italy
Luxemburg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
1952: Greece & Turkey
1955: West Germany
1983: Spain

11. Warsaw Pact (1955) U. S. S. R. Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Hungary
Poland
Rumania

12. Cold War “Hot Spots” China Korea Cuba Vietnam Berlin
East Germany controlled by the Soviet Union
West Germany controlled by the Allies