1. The End of World War II
Section 5 Page 952

2. Results of the War 60 million people died in WWII, 50,000 homeless
cities and farmland destroyed
no water, electricity and little food
no jobs to earn money
no transportation system to move goods from one area to another
disease and famine cause many deaths

3. Nuremberg Trials
-22 Nazi leaders put on trial for crimes against humanity
-12 sentenced to death

4. Rebuilding Japan -Japan loses all of its colonies
-U.S. helps them set up a democracy and new constitution
-allies demilitarize Japan and U.S. agrees to give them military protection
-Japan and U.S. become allies again

5. The Allies split up
Cold War begins
-different ideas and lack of trust leads to anger between Russia and U.S.
-war is “cold” because there is not actual fighting
Russia wants to spread communism
U.S. wants to spread democracy
Race begins to make as many allies as possible for each side

6. The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two Superpowers of the later 20c

7. New U.S. Policies
Truman Doctrine – U.S. plan to stop the spread of communism
Marshall Plan – U.S. agrees to give money/help to European countries to help them rebuild

8. New Alliances Form
Europe split up into an Eastern bloc (communist) and western bloc (democratic)
Germany is the dividing line (also split into East and West)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) = U.S. + allies
Warsaw Pact = Russia and its allies