Seedless Plant Reproduction Pages 240-247

Sexual or Asexual Sexual Reproduction--One organism is produced by two organisms with sex cells. -The off-spring is genetically different from the parents. Asexual Reproduction--One organism produces off-spring that is genetically identical. -Plants can reproduce asexually from a leaf or a portion of a stem or root.

Seedless Reproduction Seedless Plants- Plants that reproduce using spores. Ex. ferns and mosses. Seedless plants can be vascular or nonvascular. Nonvascular plants--Plants that do not have roots, stems, or leaves.

Sexual Reproduction Fertilization--The process of a sperm and an egg uniting. Females produce eggs. Males produce sperm. Zygote--the first cell of a new organism. Some plants have both male and female reproductive organs.

Haploid and Diploid Haploid cells--Cells that have half the number of chromosomes, ex. 23 in humans. Diploid--Cells that the full number of chromosomes, ex. 46 in humans.

Stages of the Plant Cycle Gametophyte Stage—stage when haploid sex cells are SEPARATE. Spores—Haploid reproductive cell. (They are produced AT THE END OF SPOROPHYTE stage)

Plant Stages cont’d Sporophyte stage--begins when an egg is fertilized by a sperm.

Moss Cycle Gametophyte--Moss that grows along the ground. Sporophyte--Brown structures above the moss. The diploid zygote begins the sporophyte stage and develops into an embryo that grows into a stalk capsule.

Fern Parts Fronds--Fern leaves. Rhizome--The ferns underground stem. Sori—where fern spores are produced. Prothallus--The small, green, heart-shaped gametophyte plant. Video Clip

THE END