1. Plant Classification and Reproduction
Chapter 11

2. 11A Plant Classification
What is a Plant?
Many ways to classify a plant
Non-Vascular
Seedless
Spore Forming
Mosses
Bryophyta
Vascular
Seeded
Gametes & Seeds
(simple seed)
Cone Producing
Coniferophyta
Flowering Plants
Anthophyta
Seedless
Gametes & Spores
Ferns
Pteridophyta

3. 11A Plant Classification
Nonvascular Plants
Water & other materials transported by diffusion
Short plants close to the ground
Lives near water or in shady spots
Mosses
Bryophytes
Two parts
Lower part – green and leafy with rhizoids (rootlike)
Upper part – stalk and capsule, not always present
What is necessary for reproduction?
Two distinct stages in the life cycle
Different form of reproduction in each cycle
Gametophyte
Sporophyte
How are mosses used by us?
Liverworts & Hornworts
What do Rhizoids do?
What does the capsule do?
What’s it called?

4. 11A Plant Classification
When will plants grow?
Annual
Biennial
Perennial
Seedless Vascular Plants
Grow tall and live in drier climates – why?
Need water – why?
Ferns
Fronds
Rhizomes
Sori (sorus)
Reproduction?
Club Mosses & HorseTails
What were they used for? Why?

5. 11A Plant Classification
Seeded Plants
Seeds
Are multicellular, contain an embryo
Have energy reserves, multiple barriers for protection
Two groups of seed plants
Angiosperm (means what?)
Largest group of plants in the world
Seeds are fully covered by a fruit
Fruits develop from flowers
All angiosperms produce flowers
Gymnosperm (means what?)
Seeds are not fully covered, exposed in some way
Do not produce flowers
Cyads, gingkos, conifers

6. 11B Plant Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Flowers
Provides genetic variation
Chromosomes are found in Gametes
Haploid → Zygote
In flowering plants these cells are produced in the flowers
Flowers
Primary reproductive organs
Make the reproductive cells
Everything about their design is to help them carry out their reproductive process
Flowers typically consist of four types of appendages

8. 11B Plant Reproduction Pollination Seeds Fertilization Three parts
Cotyledon
Monocots or Dicots
Fruit
Germination

9. 11B Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction
Very little genetic variation
Some plants reproduce asexually as a normal part of their life cycle
Runners and plantlets
Root sprouts
Leaf cutting
Stems of plants
Buds “eyes”