Han Dynasty

Han’s First Emperor Liu Bang Led a revolt against Qin emperor 206-195 B.C.E. Led a revolt against Qin emperor Abandoned the harsh laws Reduced taxes Increases agriculture

Social and Political Changes Social Hierarchy Political Change Scholars Farmers Artisans Merchants Legalism still rules administration Daoism focuses on nature and emotion Confucian ideals influence the government

Confucianism Recording history becomes important Tradition and continuity prevailed over the notion of discounting the past, as legalism taught Father and son appointed as court historians Academy to teach Confucianism 6th emperor of the Han- Wu Imperial conference of Confucian Established principles for case law Confucian scholars Established principles of women’s conduct Self sacrificing and serving others

Military Power and diplomacy Standing army 300,000- 1,000,000 Military weapons- Crossbow Fast horses used for cavalry Diplomacy Tributary system Neighboring tribes would acknowledge Chinese dominance and offer tribute or gifts to the emperor Gifts would be sent back to the ruler of the tribe group Silk in the west led to expansion in that direction

Population and Migration Pop. decrease in North Pop. growth in South Northern population decreased by almost half- 44 million- 26 million Southern population increased by 50%- 14 million to 22 million Migration Populations moving to the southern portion of the Han empire Population percentage changed from 76% in north and 24% in south to 54% in the north 46% in the south

Economic Power New road leads to more trade Military costs increase Iron Working Liquefied the iron, poured it into molds making cast iron and later steel Mining Salt mining Paper production The compass Breast strap harness for horses New plow Hydraulic engineering Tapping of natural gas New road leads to more trade Military costs increase Taxes increase Nationalized private enterprise to gain the profits for the state

Han Declines 8 year old emperor Ping takes throne in 1ce Regent appointed to rule during the boys youth- Wang Mang Ping dies in 9ce Wang Mang declares himself ruler Wang Mangs policies alienated every one Fought against group in north Broke up large estates Prohibited land sale Fixed commodity prices Terminated Han nobility status Yellow river flooded Nobles and northern tribe invaded and overthrew Wang Mang

Fall of Han Dynasty Peasant revolt Han Emperors struggle 184 C.E. Hundreds of thousands of peasants revolt Leader Zhang Jue- Daoist healer Also called Yellow Turban Revolt Color of headgear worn by rebels Han Emperors struggle There were so many within the court vying for power, the dynasty fell apart when the last empeor died.