1. Nick Geiger ED. 448-01 Dr. Helms Power Point Presentation

2. Chapter 5 China Hadley E. Watts Middle School 6th grade World History 2nd and 6th period lesson

3. Chapter 5 Terms heritage militia virtue public works philosopher responsibility import Silk Road standardization bureaucracy civil war ambassador civil service export caravan profit

4. The Zhou Dynasty The Zhou Dynasty settled in this region? The people were nomads, farmers, and fighters. What material did the people use to make weapons? –They also used this material for plows and tools.

5. Zhou Dynasty (cont’d) King Wu 1122 B.C. claimed the Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven- the order from the gods to rule China. Told the Chinese people the Shang king did not have the virtues to rule China. The Zhou dynasty ruled China for the next 900 years (longest in China’s history).

6. Social Structure of the Zhou Gov’t King –Gives lands to the nobles Nobles –Protects the peasants –Performs military service for the king Peasants –Farm the land and serve the nobles

7. Public Works Structures built by the government for everyone’s use. Built by the peasant class. Structures built: –dikes, dams, canals, and roads Structures built contributed to increased food supply and better ways of communication and transportation.

8. The Fall of the Zhou Dynasty Invasion of Asia nomads in 700 B.C. Instead of fighting as one, the nobles fought among themselves. 771 B.C. the capital of Hao was captured. King Yoo was killed during the invasion. China now enters the Warring States Period (600 to 221 B.C.).

9. Confucius 551-479 B.C. Real name: Kung Fu Zi Worked for the government, like his father. Believed that rulers needed to lead by example. He compared society to a family, family members worked together for the common good.

10. Confucius cont’d Tried to influence the nobles children because they would rule in the future. Confucius’s followers wrote down his teachings in a book called the Analects. Confucianism became the guide for the way people lived. 5 virtues: charity, kindness, hard work, good faith, and courtesy.

11. The Qin Dynasty Started in 221 B.C. and lasted to 207 B.C. Claimed the Mandate of Heaven United the warring city-states and created China’s first great empire.

12. Shi Huangdi Shi Huangdi was only 13 years old when he became king. He called himself Qin Shi Huangdi which translates into the “First Emperor of Qin” He was a very cruel ruler. –Those who did not obey or challenged his rule were executed along with their families.

13. Legalism This type of leadership was used by Shi Huangdi. Legalism taught the people to obey their rulers out of fear, not respect. Shi Huangdi ordered all writings of Confucianism to be destroyed because he felt that the writings challenged his authority.

14. Uniting China Shi Huangdi accomplished this in 221 B.C. Huangdi united China by crushing the authority of the nobility. He created two military districts, within the two military districts he appointed people he knew he could trust. After gaining control of the nobles, Huangdi ordered them to live in the city, this placed the peasants in direct control of Huangdi.

15. The Great Wall Built by peasants under Huangdi’s rule. The Great Wall was a form of protection from northern invaders. The Great Wall stands 30 feet high, with 40-foot towers. The wall was so thick that two wagons could pass each other while traveling on top of it.

16. The Great Wall Cont’d The Great Wall stretched for almost 1,500 miles. The Great Wall was built in just 7 years. More than 500,000 workers died during the construction of the wall. Nickname: “wall of tears”

17. Standardization Making all things if a certain type alike. Money, coins, weights, and writing. Help to make trade and communication easier. Brought a sense of belonging to the people of China.

18. Bureaucracy Shi Huangdi created a bureaucracy to look over his huge empire. A bureaucracy is a network of appointed government officials. The gov’t and rule of Huangdi made many of the peasants mad and the dynasty that was supposed to last thousands of years ended due to peasant revolts.

19. The Han Dynasty Took control of China in 202 B.C. The Han Dynasty ruled China for the next 400 years. This dynasty led China into the golden age of peace, wealth, and progress.

20. Liu Bang After Shi Huangdi’s death, China plunged into civil war. The leader that resulted from the warring nobility was a peasant by the name of Lui Bang. In 202 B.C. Lui Bang claimed the Mandate of Heaven, and became Han Gao Zu, which means “Great Founder of the Han”.

21. Lui Bang Cont’d He believed in both types of government Legalism and Confucianism. Nobles liked him for granting them land, the peasants liked him for lowering the taxes. Lui Bang brought China a peace within but was soon attacked from the north. Lui Bang died from his wounds in 195 B.C.

22. Wu Di Wu Di means “Warlike Emperor” He created armies with as many as 300,000 soldiers. Wu Di used peaceful tactics to avoid fighting (ambassadors and payment). Set up China’s first civil service system. People earned positions by high grades on tests, not by loyalty.

23. The Golden Age The age of arts and learning. Studied language, history, philosophy, and religion. Scholars improved the Chinese writing system. Siam Qian, a Chinese scholar recorded China’s history from the past dynasties.

24. Inventions and Teachings 100 B.C. Dictionary Daoism Wheel Barrow 132 A.D. earthquake detector 100 A.D. paper

25. Trade on the Silk Road A land trade route that stretched 5,000 miles to the Mediterranean Sea. China exported: silk, apricots, iron and bronze China imported: gold, ivory, wool, linen, grape-vines, and horses. Before Wu Di, China had never imported or exported any goods.

26. Conclusion Chapter 5 covered many people, terms, and dynasties. Be able to identify the material we have gone over in class. Any questions should be asked now, before the test.