2. The Han Dynasty Ben Needle Kell High School Marietta, GA Ben.needle@cobbk12.org

3. Han Emergence Establishment Liu Bang 206 BCE Becomes emperor the “Great Progenitor” or forefather

4. Liu Bang 202 BCE – he had eliminated virtually all his competition via military means or diplomacy tax burden of the peasants Han dynasty would do this over time Food Stockpiles Treatment of loyalists Threat of loyalists

5. Han Confucianism The Qin/Chin Dynasty Totalitarian and Legalist Rooted in the Legalist Philosophy Confucianism vs Legalism Confucianism as the basis for the Han Dynasty 136 BCE – HAN emperor adopted Confucianism and the principle of appointing officials based upon merit Bureaucracy expands Examinations and opening positions to “anyone”

6. Changing of the Guard Liu Ying and his mother, Empress Lu

7. Emperor Wu Di Expansion –Conquered the Tarim Basin, Korea, Tonkin Taxes Ambassadors Royal academy The Silk Road Grows –Trade ended in Rome Wu Di’s envoy

8. Things Get Worse under Wu Di Imperial authority declined Babies inherited powerful positions Mothers appointed relatives to high-level positions What was the problem with this? Financial Problems

9. Hsin Dynasty (8 – 23 CE) Rose up against existing dynasty to attempt to return to Confucian focused style of rule Founder, Wang Mang, felt that the Han Dynasty has lost its “Mandate of Heaven” In the years 2, 5, and 11 CE, there were great floods of the Yellow River causing large numbers of death. These led to civil war and the eventual assassination of Wang Mang and his followers

10. Later Han Era (25 - 220 CE) Struggle for a ruler Landowners Wars ended by general Ts’ao Ts’ao in 215 His son took the throne in 220 and established the Wei dynasty.

11. Han Dynasty Falls Peasant revolts 184 – Yellow Turbans Eunuch Issues - 189 The empire was later split into 3 parts The end of the Han Dynasty marked the end of Ancient Chinese unity Following this tragic loss of power and unity, there was continual instability Remembered as the height of ancient Chinese power

12. Accomplishments Improved silk production techniques Silk Road Water Clock and sundial invented Mechanical inventions increased the production of salt Wheel Barrow – Wooden Ox Emergence of the science of acupuncture Paper 105 by Tsai-Lun