The classification of living organisms Taxonomy The classification of living organisms

Today’s two word naming system is called Binomial Nomenclature Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Classification is based on: a. Physical & structural characteristics b. Evolutionary relationships

Organisms are identified by two terms The Genus is always capitalized and the species is always lowercased. Scientific names should be UNDERLINED if handwritten or in italics if typed. Ex. Homo sapien

Taxa: Levels of organization Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Domain is the Largest group while species is the smallest and most specific group.

Taxonomy video Taxa for Humans Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Genus: Homo Species: sapiens Taxonomy video

Cladogram Shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms, with the oldest organism at one end and each animal being more evolved than the last Constructing a cladogram video

Dichotomous Key Groups larger groups into two smaller groups; to be used for identifying organisms

Taxa- groups There are currently 3 domains and 6 kingdoms Organisms are classified by cell type, cell number, and mode of nutrition Autotrophs: make their own food Heterotrophs: must consume food in order to get energy

2. Archeabacteria-- weird…live in Extreme places 3 Domains 1. Bacteria– most common bacteria 2. Archeabacteria-- weird…live in Extreme places 3. Eukarya– “Life as we know it”

Prokaryote– Primitive cell without a nucleus… “pro, no” 3 Domains Prokaryote– Primitive cell without a nucleus… “pro, no” Eukaryote- more complex cell with a nucleus “Eu, you”

Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria: Cell type: prokaryote # of cells: unicellular Mode of nutrition: Autotroph or heterotroph Examples: E. Coli, Strep

Domain Archaea Kingdom: Archaebacteria Cell type: Prokaryote # of cells: Unicellular Mode of nutrition: Autotroph or heterotroph Examples: Methanogens… called the extremophiles

Domain Eukarya Kingdom: Protista Cell type: eukaryote Number of cells: Unicellular Mode of nutrition: autotroph or heterotroph Examples: Amoeba

Six Kingdoms Video 6

Domain Eukarya Kingdom: Fungi Cell type: Eukaryote Number of cells: most multicellular Mode of nutrition: heterotrophs Examples: Mushrooms and molds

Number of cells: Multicellular Mode of nutrition: autotroph Domain Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Cell type: Eukaryote Number of cells: Multicellular Mode of nutrition: autotroph Examples: flowers, pine trees

Domain Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Cell type: Eukaryote Number of cells: multicellular Mode of nutrition: heterotroph Examples: Sponges, frog