Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal System
Herniated Discs(Slipped Discs) rupture of fibrocartilage discs caused by compression forces occurs between L4 & L5 or L5 & 1st Sacral Vertebrae disc protrudes and exerts pressure on spinal nerves
Osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease associated with aging Characteristics: degeneration of articular cartilage development of bone spurs usually effects large joints (knees, hips, etc)
Osteoporosis decrease in bone mass Increase in susceptibility to fractures
Abnormal Curvatures of the Spine Scoliosis = lateral curvature of the spine
Abnormal Curvatures of the Spine Kyphosis = hunchback/humpback exaggeration of thoracic curvature 8
Abnormal Curvatures of the Spine Lordosis = swayback exaggeration of lumbar curvature 10
Spina Bifida congenital defect usually involves the lumbar vertebrae Symptoms mild to severe can be diagnosed during pregnancy by sonography, amniocentesis, blood tests
INFANTS WITH SPINA BIFIDA
Classification of Bone Fractures Closed (Simple) Fracture = bone does not break through skin Open (Compound) Fracture = bone ends break through skin Partial (Incomplete) Fracture = break does not completely transect bone (Greenstick Fracture) Complete Fracture = break transects bone ÷s into two or more pieces
Bone Fractures Closed Reduction = re-alignment without surgical intervention Open Reduction = re-alignment by surgical procedures 14
COMMON BONE FRACTURES
FYI: Classification of Bone Fractures Pott’s Fracture = fracture distal end of Fibula Colles’ Fracture = fracture of distal end of radius Stress Fracture = fracture due repeated stress usually caused by: training habits(Volume-Intensity-Duration) change in training surface 25% involve distal third of fibula
Sprains forcible wrenching or twisting of a joint 1st Degree Sprain = stretching of ligaments 2nd Degree Sprain = partial tearing of ligaments 3rd Degree Sprain = complete tear of ligaments
THE END