Chapter 34 Intro to Animals   Image from: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/index.html

Animals Invertebrates (animals without a backbone) Porifera Cnidaria Worms Mollusks Echinoderms Arthropods

Animals Vertebrates- Animals with backbones Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Animal Groups Image from: http://ology.amnh.org/biodiversity/treeoflife/pages/graph.html

Characteristics of ALL Animals: EUKARYOTES Are ____________________ cells have nucleus & membrane bound organelles 2. Are ____________________ get food from consuming other organisms 3. Are ____________________ made of many cells 4. Show __________________ different kinds of cells do different jobs HETEROTROPHIC MULTICELLULAR SPECIALIZATION

Characteristics of ALL Animals: MOVE 5. _____________ (at some point in life cycle) for food, find mates, escape danger Contain _____________ which carries the genetic code 7. ____________________ Make offspring Most have sexual reproduction (few asexual) DNA REPRODUCE

10 Body Systems : INTEGUMENTARY 1. _____________________ OUTSIDE BODY COVERING (fur, skin, scales, feathers) INTEGUMENTARY Covers and protects, ID, prevents heat & water loss

10 Body Systems : DIGESTIVE 2. _________________ Breaks down food to obtain nutrients & gets rid of undigested waste Image from: http://infozone.imcpl.org/kids_diges.htm

NO OPENINGS: Food enters through skin

Only one opening: FOOD IN and WASTE OUT through same opening Images from: http://www.geocities.com/animalbio/biology/DIGESTIO.gif Only one opening: FOOD IN and WASTE OUT through same opening

FOOD IN at one end (mouth) WASTE OUT at other end (ANUS) Image from: http://www.geocities.com/animalbio/biology/DIGESTIO.gif Two openings: FOOD IN at one end (mouth) WASTE OUT at other end (ANUS)

Two openings: Most efficient Image from: http://www.geocities.com/animalbio/biology/DIGESTIO.gif Two openings: Most efficient If food flows only one direction it allows for organ specialization (Different parts can start to do different jobs)

10 Body Systems : CIRCULATORY 3. __________________ Transports nutrients/oxygen to body cells Carries carbon dioxide/nitrogen waste away from cells Circulatory fluid can be: inside blood vessels = _________ loose inside body spaces = _______ CIRCULATORY CLOSED OPEN

10 Body Systems : RESPIRATORY Exchange gases with the environment 4. ___________________ RESPIRATORY Exchange gases with the environment take in oxygen get rid of waste gases (CO2 &/or ammonia) Image from: http://www.umm.edu/respiratory/images/respiratory_anatomy.gif

10 Body Systems : Get rid of nitrogen waste made by cells 5. ___________________ Get rid of nitrogen waste made by cells Help with HOMEOSTASIS by maintaining water/ion balance (_________________________) EXCRETORY OSMOREGULATION

10 Body Systems : SKELETAL 6. ___________________ Framework to support body/protection Skeleton on inside = _______________ Skeleton on outside = _______________ ENDOSKELETON EXOSKELETON

10 Body Systems : MUSCULAR 7. _______________ Locomotion- move body itself OR move substances through body (EX: food through digestive system; blood through vessels)

10 Body Systems : 8. _____________________ - Produce offspring by combining genetic material from 2 parents = __________________________ REPRODUCTIVE SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Produce offspring using genetic material from only 1 parent =_____________________________ ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

External fertilization Sperm and egg join outside female’s body = ___________________ inside female’s body = ____________________ External fertilization Internal fertilization

NERVOUS 9. ___________________ Receive sensory info about environment & send response signals NERVOUS

ENDOCRINE 10. __________________ Make hormones that regulate other body systems (only in higher animals)

ALL WASTE is NOT THE SAME! DIGESTIVE WASTE NITROGEN WASTE WHERE ITS MADE? Body system used? In what form? made by cells from break down of proteins left over from undigested food Handled by digestive system Handled by excretory system Feces (poop) ammonia, urea, or uric acid

Kinds of Symmetry No symmetry Radial symmetry Bilateral symmetry

___________________ No symmetry ASYMMETRY ___________________ No symmetry Doesn’t matter how you cut it; you never get 2 identical halves.

_______ Symmetry Radial Get 2 identical halves in several directions.

Bilateral ___________ Symmetry If divide animal down the middle you get 2 mirror images BUT only divides equally in ONE direction

Which way is up? DORSAL (top) ANTERIOR head end POSTERIOR tail end VENTRAL (underneath)

________________ CEPHALIZATION Concentration of nervous tissue and sensory organs in anterior end of an organism (head area)